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Support In countries where government officials are neither selected by free elections nor open to criticism by a free press, the lives of citizens are controlled by policies they have had no role in creating. ████ ██ ███ ████ █████████ ███ █████ ██ █████ █████████ ██ █████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ████ ████ █████████ █████ ███████ ██ █ ████████ ████ ██████ ██ ███ ██████████ ███ ███████ ██ ███ ████████████ ██████ ██ █████ ████████ ████ ████ █ ███████ ████████ ██ ██████ ██ █████ ████████ ██ ██ ██████████ ██ █████ ████████████
Summary
The author concludes that tyrannical countries are prone to civil disorder because citizens play no role in shaping government policy. His reasoning is that, if people don’t understand the purpose of laws, they aren’t likely to obey them.
Notable Assumptions
The support refers to understanding the purpose of laws, but the conclusion refers to shaping laws. But understanding a law might not require having shaped it. For example, even if you had no opportunity to influence a speed limit law, you might still understand why it was enacted.
Therefore, the author must assume that, if you didn’t play a role in creating a law, you can’t understand it. (The contrapositive: If you can understand a law, you necessarily played a role in creating it.)
16.
Which one of the following ██ ██ ██████████ ██ █████ ███ ████████ ████████
a
People who have ███ █ ████ ██ ██████ ███ ████ ████ ██████ █████ ███ ████████ ███ ████ ██████████ ████ █████ ███ ████ ████
b
A free press ██ ██████ ████ ██ ██████ ██ ████████ ███ ███████ ██ ██████████ ██████ ████ ██ █ █████ ██████████ ██ ███ ███████████
c
Civil disorder cannot ██ █████████ ██ ████████ ██████ ██████ ███████ █████ ███ ██████ ███████ ████ ██ ███ ███████████
d
People tend not ██ ██████████ ███ ███████ ██ ████████████ ██████ ████ ███████████ ██ █████ ████████████
e
Civil disorder does ███ █████████ █████ ██ █████████ ████ ████ ██████ ████ █████████ ██ █ ████ ██████