Support A certain viral infection is widespread among children, and about 30 percent of children infected with the virus develop middle ear infections. ████████████ ████████ █████████ ██ ████████ █████████ ███████████ ████ ██ ██████ ██ ███ ██████ ███ ████ ██████ ███ ██████████ ██ ████████ ████████ ████ ███ █████ ███ ███████ ████ ████████████ ███ ███ ██████████ █████ █████ ███
The stimulus tells us about a viral infection that is common among children, and points out that among children infected with this virus, about 30 percent develop middle ear infections. We're then told that antibiotics do not affect this virus, though they are effective in treating bacterial infections. The stimulus then points out that antibiotics are often effective in treating middle ear infections in children who are infected with the virus.
The fact that antibiotics are effective in treating middle ear infections for these children is only surprising if you assume the virus directly causes the ear infection. But this doesn't have to be true, especially because not all children infected with the virus develop such ear infections. The fact that antibiotics tend to be effective in treating bacterial infections, and are effective in treating these children, suggests that the middle ear infection in these children might have a bacterial cause, instead of being caused directly by the virus. So suggesting an alternate cause for the ear infection, one that may be correlated with the viral infection, though not necessarily caused by it, would be one way to explain this result.
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Most viral infections ███ ████ █████████ ██ █████ ████ ███ ████ █████████ ███████████
Among children not ████████ ████ ███ ██████ █████ ████ ██ ███████ ███████ ██████ ███ ███████████