Self-study
P1
The painter Roy Lichtenstein helped to define pop art—the movement that incorporated commonplace objects and commercial-art techniques into paintings—by paraphrasing the style of comic books in his work. ███
Intro topic ·
Lichtenstein's pop art
Pop art = commonplace objects and commercial-art techniques in paintings. Lichtenstein brought style of comic books to this kind of art.
Impact of Lichtenstein's art ·
Poked fun at pretensions of art world, but transcended parody
Lichtenstein's pop art had seriousness of theme that made it more than just parody.
P2
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Lichtenstein's art as fine art ·
Was fine art, but didn't look like it because of their comic book elements
Historical context ·
Pop art was a reaction to second generation of abstract expressionists
The standard perpsective is that pop art was a reaction to the first generation of abstract expressionists. But it was actually a reaction to the second -- whose work involved high-minded, lyrical elements.
Lichtenstein's art ·
Part of rebellion against fading emotions of abstract expressionism
So, Lichtenstein's art had emotional power.
P3
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Lichtenstein's art more than parody ·
Impulse toward realism and depiction of contemporary life
Contrast with some pop art ·
Lichtenstein's art displayed deliberate naivete about consumer culture, rather than cynicism
His art was response to overly sophisticated art of the second generation of abstract expressionists and of some other pop artists.
Passage Style
Single position
Spotlight
13.
The primary purpose of the ███████ ██ ████ ██████ ██
a
express curiosity about ██ ████████ ████
The passage doesn’t doesn’t contain any evidence that the author is uncertain about any aspect of Lichtenstein’s work. So it wouldn’t make sense for the primary purpose to be an expression of curiosity. The author is trying to tell us her views about Lichtenstein’s work. Even if you think the author would be curious about his work, that’s not the reason she wrote this passage.
b
clarify the motivation ██████ ██ ████████ ████
This is the best answer. The author’s primary purpose is to tell us that Lichtenstein’s work was more than just parody, and that it had serious themes. We can describe this as the author’s attempt to make Lichtenstein’s motivations more clear to the reader.
c
contrast two opposing ████████ █████ ██ ████████ ████
We don’t get two opposing theories about Lichtenstein’s work.
d
describe the evolution ██ ██ ████████ ████
We’re not told how Lichtenstein’s work evolved over the time. The historical context described in P2 isn’t a description of how Lichtenstein’s work changed over time.
e
refute a previous ██████████████ ██ ██ ████████ ████
The author has a positive attitude toward Lichtenstein, so it doesn’t make sense for the primary purpose to involve refuting an “overestimation” of Lichstenstein’s work.