PT125.S4.Q14

PrepTest 125 - Section 4 - Question 14

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Expert: A group of researchers claims to have shown that for an antenna to work equally well at all frequencies, it must be symmetrical in shape and have what is known as a fractal structure. ███ ███ ███ ███████ █████████ ██ █████ ████████████ █████ █████████ ████ ██ █████ █████████ ██ ████ █████ ██████ ██ ███████████ █████ ███ █████████ ████ ██ ███████████ █████ ███ ██████████ ██████ █████ █████ ██ ██████████

Summarize Argument: Counter-Position

Some researchers say that for an antenna to work equally well at all frequencies, it’s necessary that the antenna be symmetrical and have a fractal structure. The author concludes this claim is wrong. This is based on the fact that there is an antenna that meets those necessary conditions, but does not work equally well at all frequencies.

Identify and Describe Flaw

The author confuses sufficient and necessary conditions. The researchers did not say that having a symmetrical shape and fractal structure is sufficient for working equally well at all frequencies; they said it those features were necessary. So pointing out that there’s an antenna that has those features but does not work equally well does not show that the the researchers’ claim is false.

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14.

The reasoning in the expert's ████████ ██ ██████ ███████ ███ ████████

a

fails to provide █ ██████████ ██ ███ █████████ ████ █████████

b

contradicts itself by ███████ ██ ███ ██████████ ███ █████ ██ ██████████ ███████████ ████ ██ ██████ ██ ██ ███ ████████

c

concludes that a █████ ██ █████ ██████ ██ ███ ███████ ████ █████ ██ ████████████ ████████ ████ ██ ██ ████

d

interprets an assertion ████ ███████ ██████████ ███ █████████ ██ █████████ ████ █████ ██████████ ███ ██████████

e

takes for granted ████ █████ ███ ████ ███ ████████ █████████████ ██████ █████ ██ █████ ███ █████████

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