PT130.S4.Q18

PrepTest 130 - Section 4 - Question 18

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Despite the efforts of a small minority of graduate students at one university to unionize, Support the majority of graduate students there remain unaware of the attempt. ████ ██ █████ ███ ███ █████ ███████ ████ █ █████ █████ ███ █████████ █████ █████████ ██ █████ ██ ██ ████ ██ █████ ███ ███████████ ██████ █████ █████ ███ ████████ ████████ ██ ███ ██████████ ██████ ███ █████████ █████ ███ ████████ ██ ████ █████████ ██████████ ██ ███ ████████

Summarize Argument

The author concludes that the students shouldn’t unionize. He supports this with the following premises:

(1) A small group tried to unionize, but the majority of the students are unaware of this attempt.


(2) Of those who are aware, most believe that a union would not represent or pursue their interests well.


(3) So, the majority of the students disapprove of the union effort.

Identify and Describe Flaw

The author concludes that most students disapprove of the union effort but his premises state that most students are unaware of it. So, he confuses a lack of awareness with active disapproval. Most students who are aware of the effort do seem to disapprove of it, but these students are not the majority.


In other words, it’s possible that only 10% are aware of the effort and disapprove, while 90% (the majority) are simply unaware and may or may not approve.

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18.

The reasoning in the argument ██ ████ ██████████ ██ █████████ ██ ███ ███████ ████ ███ ████████

a

tries to establish █ ██████████ ██████ ██ ███ ███████ ████ ███ ██████████ ██████ ████ █ █████████████ ████████

b

fails to exclude ███████████ ████████████ ███ ███ ████ ████████ ████████ ██████████ ██ ██████████

c

presumes that simply ███████ █ ████████ ██ █ ██████████ ██ ███████ ██ ██████████ ██ ████ ███ ██ █ ████ ████

d

ignores the possibility ████ ████████ █ █████ █████ ███ ███████████ ██████ ████████ ███████ ██████████ █████ ███ █████ ███████ ███ ██████████

e

blurs the distinction ███████ ██████ ███████████ ███ ████ ████ ██ ████████

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