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Bowers: A few theorists hold the extreme view that society could flourish in a condition of anarchy, the absence of government. ████ ██ █████ █████████ ████ ████ ████████ ███████████ █████████ ██ ███████ ████ █████████ ███ ███████ ███ ████████ ████████ ████ ███████ ██ █████████████ ██████████ █████ ██ ███ ███████ ████████ ███ █████ ██████████ █████ ██████ ███ ███████████ █████████ ██ ██████ █████████████████ ██ ██████████ ██████ ██████████ ████ ███████ █████ ███ ██████ ███ ██████ ██████████ ████ ████████████ ██████ █████ ████████ ███████████ ████████ ██ ███████ ██████████
Summarize Argument
The author’s implicit conclusion is that the theorists’ view that society can flourish in a condition of anarchy (in the sense of absence of government) isn’t acceptable. This is based on the premise that any acceptable social philosophy must promote peace and order. The author believes the theorists’ view is something that promotes anarchy (in the sense of chaos), which is why he believes the view isn’t acceptable.
Identify and Describe Flaw
The author inappropriately interprets the term “anarchy” in a different way from how the theorists used it. The theorists defined anarchy as the absence of government. But the author mistakenly thinks the theorists’ view condoned anarchy in the sense of chaos (absence of order). This misrepresents the theorists’ view and renders the author’s criticism unpersuasive.
15.
The reasoning in Bowers's argument ██ ████ ██████████ ██ █████████ ██ ███ ███████ ████
a
the meaning of █ ███ ████ ██████ █████████ ██████ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ████████
b
the argument fails ██ ████ ████ █████████████ ██████████ ████████ ██ ██ ████████ ██ █ ██████ ██████████
c
the truth or ███████ ██ █ ████ ██ ███ ██████████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ██████ ███ ██████ ██ ██ ████
d
the argument presumes, ███████ █████████ ██████████████ ████ ███ ████████ ███████ ████ ████████
e
it is unreasonable ██ ██████ █ ████ ██████ ███████ ██ ███ ██ █████████ ██ ███████