Principle: Support If a food product contains ingredients whose presence most consumers of that product would be upset to discover in it, then the food should be labeled as containing those ingredients.
████████████ ███████ ██████ ████ ███ ██ ███████ ██ ██████████ ███████████ ██████████ ████████████ █████ ████ █████████ ██ ███████ ██████ █████ ███ ████ ██ ████ ██████████ ████ █████
The argument concludes that Crackly Crisps do not need to be labeled as containing genetically engineered ingredients. This is based on a principle: food products should be labeled as containing ingredients that would upset most consumers of that product. We also know that genetically engineered ingredients would upset most consumers of Crackly Crisps.
The argument is flawed because it confuses necessary and sufficient conditions.
According to the principle, an ingredient upsetting consumers of a product is a sufficient condition to label the product as containing that ingredient. However, the application treats upsetting consumers as a necessary condition.
The genetically engineered ingredients in Crackly Crisps may not upset the consumers, but that doesn’t guarantee that they need not be labeled.
The application of the principle ██ ████ ██████████ ██ █████████ ██ ███ ███████ ████ ██
fails to address ███ ███████████ ████ █████████ ██ █ ████████ ████ ███ ███ ██ ██████████████ ██ █████████ ██ ████ ██ ███████
fails to address ███ ███████████ ████ ███ ███████████ ██████████ ███████████ ██ ███████ ██████ ███ ████ ████ ██████ ████ ███ █████ ███████████
implicitly makes use ██ █ █████ ████████ ████ ██ ████████████ ████ ███ █████████ █████ ███████
takes for granted ████ ██ ████ █████████ ██ █ ███████ █████ ███ ██ ████ ██ ████ ████ ███████ ██ ███ ███████████ ██ ███ ████ ████ █████ ███ ███ ███████ ████ ██ ████ ████ ███ ███ ███████████ ██ ██
confuses a claim ████ █████ ███████ ██████████ █ ███████ ██████ ██████ ██ █████ ████ █ █████ ████ ███ ██████ ████ ███ ██ █████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ █████ ██████████