If a child is to develop healthy bones, the child's diet must include sufficient calcium. ██ █████████ ███████ ████ ███ █████ ██ ████████ ███ ██ ███ ███████ ███████ █████ ██ ███ ███████ ██████████ ████████
The argument presents a conditional relationship. It then concludes that the absence of the sufficient condition leads to the absence of the necessary condition.
This argument features the cookie-cutter flaw of confusing a sufficient condition for a necessary condition. It’s still entirely possible to have the necessary condition (enough calcium) without having the sufficient condition (healthy bones), so the absence of the sufficient condition doesn’t support any conclusions.
Flawed reasoning in which one ██ ███ █████████ ████ ███████ █████████ ███ ██████ █████████ ██ ███ ████████ ██████
If bread is ██ ████ █ ████ ██████ ██ ████ ██ █████ ██ ███ █████ ████████████ ██ █████████ ███████ ████ █████ ████ ██ ███ █████ ██ ███ █████ ███████████ ████ ███ ████ █ ████ ██████
A cake must ███████ ███ █████ ██████ ██ █████ ██ █████ ██ █████ █████ ██ █████████ ███████ ████ █████ ████ ██ ███ █████ ████ ██ ███ ███████ ███ █████ ██████ ██ ██████
The Bake-a-Thon, which ██ ████ ██ ███████████ ██ ███ █████ ███ █████ ████ ███ ██ █ ██████ █████ ███ ███ ██ ███ ██ █████████ ███████ ████ ███ ██████ ██ ████ ██████ ███████████ ████ ███ ██ █████ ███ ███ ██ ███
Both yeast and ██████ ██████ ███ █████ █████ █████ ██ █████ ██ █████████ ███████ ████ █████ ███ ██████ ██ ███████████ ███ ██████ ██████ ██ █ ██████ ███ █████ ██████
In recipe contests, █████ ███ ██████ ████ ███████████ ██ ███ ███ ████████ ████ █████ ███ ██ ███ ████ █████████ ██ █████████ ███████ ████ ███████████ █████████ ████ █ ██████ ██████ ██ ███████ ██ ███ ████ ████████ ████ ██ ███ ███ █████████