Self-study
Does the position of a car driver's seat have a significant impact on driving safety. ██ ████████ █████ ███████ ████████ ███████ ████ ███████ ███ ███ ███████ ██ ███ ███ ████ ████████ █ ██████ ███ ██ █████████████ ██████████ ███████ █████████ █████ █████ ██ █████████ ██ ███████████ ██ ███ █████ █████████ ███ ██████ ███ ██████████ ████ ███ ████████ █████ ███ ████ █████ ███ ██████ ███ ██ ██ ████ ██████████ ███ █████ █████████
Summarize Argument
The author concludes that the position of the driver’s seat probably has an effect on driving safety. Driving position affects comfort, which can affect concentration. Driving position also affects visibility of the road, which affects how the driver scans the road for hazards.
Identify Argument Part
The referenced text is a premise of the argument. The author uses the fact that driving position affects comfort and visibility of the road to support the claim that the position of a driver's seat probably affects driving safety.
22.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ███ ████████ ██ ███ █████ ████ ███████ ████████ ███████ ████ ███████ ███ ███ ███████ ██ ███ ███ ████ ████████
a
It is the ██████████ █████ ██ ███ █████████
The referenced text supports the conclusion that driver’s seat position affects driving safety. How does seat position affect safety? By affecting comfort and visibility, which the author goes on to show can have an impact on safety.
b
It is a █████ ████ ███ ████████ █████ ██ ██ ████████████ ████ █████████ █████████
The author would agree that driver’s seat position can affect comfort and visibility. In fact, she uses it as a premise to support the conclusion.
c
It is used ██ ███████ █ ██████ ███████████ ███ ██ ████████ ███████████
There’s no observed phenomenon that the author is trying to explain. The author never claims that we have observed driver seat position having an impact on safety. Rather, the author tries to prove that driver seat position has an impact on safety. There's a difference between providing a causal explanation of something we observed and providing causal premises designed to prove that a particular causal claim is true.
d
It describes evidence ████ ███ ████████ ██████████ ████████
The argument doesn’t refute this claim. It uses the claim to support the conclusion that driver’s seat position probably has an affect on driving safety.
e
It is a ███████ ███████ ██ ███████ ██ ███ ██████████ █████ ██ ███ █████████
(E) correctly describes the referenced text as a premise. Why does driver’s seat position probably have a significant affect on driving safety? Because it affects comfort and visibility.