Self-study
Evan: I am a vegetarian because I believe Support it is immoral to inflict pain on animals to obtain food. ████ ███████████ ███ █████ ████ █████ ██████ ███████████ ███████ ████ ████████ ██ ███ ███████ ████ ██ ██ ███ █████ ███████ ███████ ███ █████████ ███ ██████████ ████████ ██ █████ ███ ██ ██ ██ █████ █████ ██ ███████ ████████ ██████████ ██ ██████ ██████ ███ ███████ ██ ███ █████ ██ ███ ███████ ███ ███████ ████ ██████ ████████
The Principle
Since we can’t know for sure that sea animals don’t feel pain, Evan argues we shouldn't eat them just in case they do feel pain.
Evan's argument illustrates a "better safe than sorry" principle when it comes to potentially immoral actions: when in doubt, it's better not to risk wrongdoing.
6.
Which one of the following ████ ███████ ████████ ██ ███ █████████ ███████████ ██ ██████ █████████ ██ ███████████ ███ ███ ████████
a
I do not ████ ██ █ ████ ██████ █████ ███ █████ ███ ████ ██ ███ █ █████ ███████ ███ ████ ████ ███ ████ ███ ████████ ███████ ██ ███ █ ██████ ████ ██ █████ ██ ██ ████ ████ █ ████ ██████ ████ █ ████ ████ ███ ███ █████ ████
This conforms to the principle that one should err on the side of caution when uncertain about whether an action is wrong. The author of (A) is unsure whether she’s paid back a debt or not, so she decides to pay it back anyway just in case she hasn’t already.
b
It is uncertain ███████ ███ ██████ ██ ███ █████████ ████████ ████ ████ █████ ████████ ███ █████ ████████ ██ ███ █████████████ █████ ██ ██████ ██████ ████ ████ ████████ ████ ████ ████ ████████ ████ ███ ████ █████████
(B) lacks the stimulus' "better safe than sorry" principle. A better-matching version would read "we should send out another notice to these owners just to be sure."
c
I am opposed ██ █████ ██████████ ████ ██ ███████ █████ ██ ███████ ██████████ ██ ███ ███████ █████ ██████████ █████ ███████ ██████████ ██████████ ████ ██ ██████████ ████████ ████ ██████████ █████ ████ ███ ████████ ███████ ████ ███████ ███████ ████ ████ ██ █████████ ██████████ ██ ███ ██████████
(C) lacks the stimulus' "better safe than sorry" principle. Most noticeably, it doesn't describe a situation with unknowns, much less a recommendation to go with the safer of two options.
d
Updating our computer ████████ ██████ █████ ████ ██ ███ ██████████ ███ ███████ ██████ ███ ██ █████████ ███ ██ █████ ███████ ████ ███████████ █ ████████████████ ██████ ██ ███ ██████████ ██ ██ ██ ███ ███ ███ ██████████ ███ ███ ██████ █████ ██ ████████ ███████ ██████ ████ ███ ███████ ██████████
(D) lacks the stimulus' "better safe than sorry" principle. You could maaaybe find some unknowns hiding between the lines ("updating our system could lead to new contracts," so maybe we don't know whether it would or not??), but it certainly lacks a recommendation to go with the safer of two options.
e
Isabel Allende lived ███████ ███ ██████ ██████ ██ ███ █████████ ██████ ████████ ██ █████ ███ ██████ ████ ████ ████████ ██ ███ ████████ ██ █████ ███████ ███ █████████ ██████████ ███ ███████ ███ ████ ██ ████ ██████████ ████ █████████ ███ ████ ██ ████ ███ ███ ████ ██████████ ██████ ██ ███ ████████████
(E) lacks the stimulus' "better safe than sorry" principle. I don't even think it's trying to get close, to be honest. My take on (E) is that it's intended as a time-waster to punish people who come into the answer choices without a firm grasp on what they're looking for. It pays to anticipate, people!!