Self-study
In trying to reduce the amount of fat in their diet, on average people have decreased their consumption of red meat by one-half in the last two decades. ████████ ██ ███████ █████ ███ ████ ███████ █████ ███████████ ██ ███ ████ ████████ ███████ █████████████ ████ ███ ████ █████ ███ ████ ████
"Surprising" Phenomenon
Why do people who have reduced their consumption of red meat eat, on average, a lot more fat than those who haven’t reduced their consumption of red meat?
Objective
The correct answer will tell us something that allows us to differentiate people who have reduced red meat consumption from those who haven’t, and this difference will lead to greater fat consumption among the people who reduced red meat consumption.
10.
Which one of the following, ██ █████ ████ █████ ██ ███████ ███ ████████ ███████████ █████████ ██████
a
Many more people ████ ███████ █████ ███████████ ██ ███ ████ ████ ███ ████ ███ ███████ ████ ████ ████
The number of people who have reduced red meat consumption has no bearing on the average fat intake of those people. We’re talking about group averages here; the number of people in the group has no effect.
b
Higher prices over ███ ████ ███ ███████ ████ ████ ██ ████ ██ ████████ ███ ███████████ ██ ███ ████ ██ ██████ ████████ █████
The cause of reduced red meat consumption has no impact on the average fat intake of people who eat less red meat.
c
People who reduce █████ ███████████ ██ ███ ████ ████ ██ ███████ ██ ████ ██ █████ █████ ████ ███ ████ ██ ███ ██ ██ █████ ███ ████ ███ ███████ █████ ███████████ ██ ███ █████
This could be correct if it had said people who reduce red meat consumption eat more high-fat foods than others. But it just says they eat “as much” as others. That doesn’t explain why their average fat intake is higher than that of those who haven’t reduced red meat consumption.
d
People who reduce █████ ███████████ ██ ███ ████ ████ ██ ███████ ██ ████ ██████ ███ █████ ██████ █████ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ████ ███ █████
This shows why people who reduce consumption of red meat, on average, end up eating more fat. They replace red meat with stuff that has more fat. People who don’t reduce red meat consumption have nothing to replace, so they don’t eat as much of the other higher-fat foods.
e
Studies have shown ████ ███ ████ ████████ ████████ ████ ███ ████ ██████████ ████████
We’d still expect people who reduce red meat consumption to reduce their fat intake, even if the expected reduction isn’t as great as we initially thought.