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passage 4
P1
Advances in scientific understanding often do not build directly or smoothly in response to the data that are amassed, and in retrospect, after a major revision of theory, it may seem strange that a crucial hypothesis was long overlooked. ███
Intro to Topic ·
Scientific progress is not linear; crucial idea are sometimes overlooked
Example ·
Splitting the nucleus of an atom
Between 1934 to 1939, scientists split the atom without recognizing that they had done so.
P2
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Theory ·
Atoms can be split
It was known that in theory atoms could be split.
Experiment ·
Neutron-bombardment was not intended to split the atom
Scientists did not expect that to happen.
P3
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Experimental Results ·
Meitner and Fermi's experiment produced "puzzling" substances
They didn't know what the substances were (mainly) because they weren't expecting to have split uranium.
Experimental Results ·
Hahn identified substances as barium and technetium
Barium and technetium's protons and neutrons add up to the protons and neutrons of uranium.
P4
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Hypothesis ·
Nuclear fission occurred
Meitner finally realized that they had achieved nuclear fission.
Passage Style
Phenomenon-hypothesis
Single position
23.
The author's primary aim in ███ ███████ ██ ██
a
criticize a traditional ████ ██ ██████████ ████████ ███ ████████ █ ███████████
b
illustrate the often ███████ ███ ██ █████ █ ██████████ █████████ ████████ ████████
c
judge the relative ██████████ ██ ██████ ███ ███████████████ ██ ███████
d
take issue with ███ ████ ████ ██████████ ████ █████ ██████ ████████
e
display the way ██ █████ ████████████ █████████ █████████ ███████ ██████████ ████████