Self-study
Support Of the many test pilots who have flown the new plane, none has found it difficult to operate. ██ ██ ██ ████████ ████ ███ ████ █████ ██████ ███ █████ ████████ ████ ████ ██ █████████ ██ ████████
Method of Reasoning
The argument proceeds by making a future prediction based on past results: Many previous pilots flew the plane, and none of them found it difficult to operate, so the pilot flying the plane tomorrow will not find it difficult to operate.
The right answer will feature the same reasoning: Predicting a certain outcome to occur because it has always occurred in the past.
6.
The reasoning in which one ██ ███ █████████ █████████ ██ ████ ███████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ███ ████████ ██████
a
All of the ████ ████ █████████ ███ ████ ██████ ████████ ███ █████ ███████ ████ ██ ███ ████████████ ████ ████████ ██ ██ ██ ██████ ████ ███ ███████ ██████ ████ █████ ███ █████
Mismatched conclusion. The evidence is only about book reviewers’ opinions of the book, whereas the conclusion is about the opinion of the average reader. The stimulus does not shift from evidence about test pilots to a conclusion about all pilots, so (A) doesn’t match.
b
Many of the ████ █████████ ███ ████ ███ ████████ ███ █████ ██████ ██ ███ █████████ █████ ██ ████ █████████████ ██ ██ ██ ████████ ████ ████ ██████ ███ ███ ███ ████ ████ ████ ██ ███████
Mismatched conclusion. The evidence is only about book reviewers’ opinions of the book, whereas the conclusion is about the opinions of most people. The stimulus does not shift from evidence about test pilots to a conclusion about all pilots, so (B) doesn’t match.
c
Neither of the ███ █████████ ███ ███████ ████████ ████ ███ █████ █████ ████ ██ █████ █████ █ ███████ ██ ██ ██ ████████ ████ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ████ ██ ████ ████████ █████████ ████ ███████ ████ ████ ██ ████ █████ █ ███████
Mismatched premises. (C) only mentions two reviewers before concluding that a future review will share the same opinion. The stimulus, however, tells us that many pilots didn’t find the plane difficult to operate, so (C) doesn’t match.
d
Many reviewers have ████ ███ ████████ ███ ██████ ███ ████ ██ ████ ███████ ███ ██ ██ ██ ████████ ████ ███ ████████ ███ ███ █████ █████████ ████ █████ ███ ████ ████ ███ █████ ███
(D) proceeds by making a future prediction based on past results: Many reviewers read the new novel, and none of them enjoyed it, so the reviewer from the paper will not enjoy it.
e
None of the █████████ ███ ████ ████ ████ ████████ ███ █████ ████ ████████ ██ ███ ██ ██ ██ ████████ ████ ███ ████ ████ ██████ ██████ ██ ███ ███████ ██████ ███ █████ ███
Mismatched conclusion. The evidence is only about book reviewers’ opinions of the book, whereas the conclusion is about the opinions of the general public. The stimulus does not shift from evidence about test pilots to a conclusion about all pilots, so (E) doesn’t match.