Self-study
Several companies that make herbal teas containing ginseng assert in their marketing that ginseng counteracts the effects of stress. ██ █ ███████ ████ ██████ ███ █████ ████████ ██████ ██ ███████ █████ ███████ ███ ██ ██████████ ██████████ █████ █████ ███████ ████ ███ ██████ ██ ███████ █████ █████ █████████ █████████ ████ █████ ███████
Summarize Argument
The author claims that ginseng does not relieve stress because there haven’t been any scientific studies to conclusively prove that it has this effect.
Identify and Describe Flaw
The argument is flawed because it fails to provide any support for the claim that ginseng does not alleviate the effects of stress. The author cites the fact that there aren’t studies that verify that it does, but that just leaves the question unanswered. It’s possible that ginseng relieves stress even if there hasn’t yet been a good study proving it.
7.
The reasoning in the argument ██ ██████ ██ ████ ███ ████████
a
rejects an argument ███████ ██ ███ ██████ ███████ ██████████ ███ ██████████ ███████ ████████
The argument doesn’t attack the companies themselves; it only rejects their claims.
b
concludes that a █████ ██ █████ ██████ ██ ███ ███████ ████ ██ ███ ███ ████ █████ ██ ██ ████
This describes how the author rejects a claim (that ginseng counteracts effects of stress) as untrue despite only citing the fact that scientific studies haven’t yet verified it. Although the claim hasn't been shown to be true, this doesn't prove that the claim is false.
c
draws an inference ██ ███ █████ ██ █ ██████ ████ ██ ██████ ██ ██ ████████████████
The argument doesn’t draw an inference from a sample, but instead cites the lack of definitive evidence for a claim.
d
fails to address ███ ███████████ ████ ████ ██████ ███ ██████ ████ ██████████ ███████ ███████ ████ █████ ████████ ███ ███
This is irrelevant. The author concludes that ginseng doesn’t relieve stress. People’s reasons for drinking tea don’t matter.
e
fails to address ███ ███████████ ████ ████ ███████████ █████ ████ ███████ ██ ███ ██████ ████ ██████████ ███████ ██████████ ███ ███████ ██ ██████
The author only rejects the companies’ claims that “ginseng counteracts the effects of stress”, so it wouldn’t matter if any other ingredient does.