PT144.S1.P2.Q9 > Analytics

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The following passage was adapted from a law journal article published in 1998.

Intro topic · Intellectual property protection for biotech discoveries

Both industries and academia support protection.

Question · How much does patenting in biotech hinder basic research?

Other people's (OP) perspective · Patents hinder basic research through enforcement of patent rights or through contractual agreements

This isn't necessarily the author's view, because of the phrase "perceived threat." We're getting other people's perception of the threat.

Potential way patents slow research · Patent infringement

Patent holders might sue or threaten to sue researchers who use patented biological materials.

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Potential way patents slow research · Contractual agreements

Patent holders might charge researchers incredibly high fees or want other benefits in return for allowing use of patented biological materials.

Historical context · Some researchers have always tried to hinder access to biological materials

Critique of OP · There's reason to think patents won't be enforced in basic and non-commercial research

Just because someone has a patent doesn't mean they can enforce it.

Support for critique · Patent litigation is expensive and judges traditionally grant patent exceptions for noncommercial research

Benefit of patents · Spurs research by giving financial incentive to innovate

Passage Style

Critique or debate

Problem-analysis

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Researchers' prospects for ████████ ███████████ ██████ ██ ████ ███ ███████ ███ ███ ████████ ██ █████ █████████

This isn’t stated as the reason university researchers increasingly support patents for biotechnology research. The passage states the reason is that the university researchers’ funding often depends on the patentability of research results.

Researchers' funding is █████ ██████████ ██ ███████ ████ ███ ███████ █ ██████████ ████████

We’re told researchers at academic institutions increasingly think patents should be allowed for biotechnology research because their funding depends in part on patentability of their research results.

91%

Researchers see no ███████████████ ███████ ██████████ █████ ████████ ███ ███ ████████ ██ █████████████ ████████

Researchers increasingly believe █████ ████████████ █████ ██ █████ ████████ █████████ ██ ████████████ ████ ███████ ████ ██████████ █████████████

Most researchers prefer █ ███████████ █████ ██ ██████████ ████████ ██ █ ████████ ██████

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PrepTest 144 - Section 1 - Passage 2 - Question 9

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PrepTest 144 - Section 1 - Passage 2 - Question 9

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