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Advertisement: Support VIVVY, a video-based foreign language course for children, was introduced seventeen years ago. ████ █████ ███ ██████ ████ █████ ███ █████ ████████ ██ ███ ██████ ███ ████ ███ ██████████ ██████████ █████████ ██ ██ ████ █████ ████ ██████ ███ ███ ██████ ███ ██ ███ ██ ██████ █ ██████████ ██████████ ████████
Method of Reasoning
The author concludes that any child who uses VIVVY can be expected to become a successful university student in the future. He supports this conclusion by providing an example of three people who used VIVVY in their childhood and grew up to become successful university students.
Identify and Describe Flaw
This author commits the cookie-cutter flaw of confusing correlation with causation. The author has presented three individuals whose use of VIVVY is correlated with success in university; however, he has not provided evidence that VIVVY caused their success in any way. The author then concludes that there is a causal relationship between use of VIVVY and success in university, stating that any child who uses it can be expected to be successful in university. However, without proving that the relationship between VIVVY and success in university is anything beyond a correlation, the author’s argument is unsupported.
10.
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a
Similarly, you could ████████ ████ ███ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ███ ███████ ██ ███ █████ █ █████████ ██████ █████ ████ ██████ ██████████ ███ ████ █████ █████████ ███████ ███ █████ █████ ██████ ███ ███████ ████████
b
Similarly, you could ████████ ████ █████ ██████ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ████ ██████████ █████ ████ ██████ ██████ ███ █████████ ███ ████████ ███ ███████ ███████ ███ ████ █████████ ███ ██████ ████ █████████ ██ █ ███████
c
Similarly, you could ████████ ████ █████ ██████ ███ ██████ ███ ███ ████ █████████ ███ ████ ██ ████ ████ █████ ████ ███ ████████ █████ ██████ ███ ████ ████ ███ ██████ ██ ██ ████ ████ ███ █████ █████ █████████ ███ ███ ████ ████ ███ ████ █████ ██████ ███ ████ █████
d
Similarly, you could ████████ ████ ████ ██████ ███ ████ █████████ █████ ██████ ████ ███ █████ ██████ █████ ████ ██ ███ █████████ ██████ ███ █████ ██████ ███ ███ ██████ ██ ███ █ ████████ ██████ ███████████ ███ █████ █████ ██████ ████ ██████ ████████ ████████
e
Similarly, you could ████████ ████ █████ ████████ ███ ████ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ████ █████ ████ ████████ █████ ██████████ ██████████ █████ ████ █████ █████ ██████ ██████ █████ ███████████ ███ ████ ██████ ███ █████████ ████ █████ ████ ████ █████ █████