PT150.S2.Q13

SECTION 1 · rc

PASSAGE 1
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5

PASSAGE 2
Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12

PASSAGE 3
Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19

PASSAGE 4
Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26 Question 27

SECTION 2 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25

SECTION 3 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25

SECTION 4 · rc

PASSAGE 1
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7

PASSAGE 2
Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14

PASSAGE 3
Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20

PASSAGE 4
Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26 Question 27

PrepTest 150 - Section 2 - Question 13

Question

Explanation

Analytics

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Scientist: Conclusion It seems likely that the earliest dinosaurs to fly did so by gliding out of trees rather than, as some scientists think, by lifting off the ground from a running start. ███████ ███████ ████ █████ ███ ████ ██ ███ ████ ████ ██████ ██████ ████ █████ █████████ ████████████ ██████ ██████ ██████ ██████████ ███ █████ █████ ████ ██ █████████ ████ ██████ ██████████

Summarize Argument

The scientist concludes the first dinosaurs to fly probably glided out of trees, rather than flying from a running start. Why? Because gliding from trees requires only simple wings that are stepping stones, evolutionarily, to the larger wings of later dinosaurs.

Notable Assumptions

The scientist assumes it’s more likely the first flighted dinosaurs had wings for gliding than wings for lifting off. This means assuming wings for lifting off the ground are either less simple than wings for gliding or less of a stepping stone toward the wings of later dinosaurs. It also means assuming there’s no other characteristic of the first flighted dinosaurs that would make it less likely they glided from trees than lifted off the ground.

Analysis by LukeWilson

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13.

Each of the following, if █████ ███████████ ███ ███████████ ████████ ███████

Early flying dinosaurs █████ █████ █████ ██ ███ ████ ██ ██████

This doesn’t favor the scientist’s argument. It implies the first flighted dinosaurs lived on the ground, which if anything makes it less likely they flew by gliding out of trees.

Early flying dinosaurs ███ █████ █████ ███ ████ ████ ████████ ███ █████████

This strengthens the scientist’s argument. It implies the first flighted dinosaurs were capable of climbing trees, which rules out the possibility they were confined to the ground.

Early flying dinosaurs ███ ███████ ████████ ████ ████████ ████ █████ ████████ ███ ██████ ███████ ████ ██████ ███████

This strengthens the scientist’s argument. It implies the first flighted dinosaurs had biological characteristics more consistent with gliding than with lifting off from the ground.

Early flying dinosaurs ███ ████████ ██ █████ ████ ████ █████ ████ ██████████ ████ █████ ███████ ██ ████

This strengthens the scientist’s argument. It implies the first flighted dinosaurs had toes that would have made it difficult to lift off from a running start.

Early flying dinosaurs █████ ██ █ ████ ████ █████ ████ █████████ █████████ █████ ███ █████ ██████

This strengthens the scientist’s argument. It implies the first flighted dinosaurs had a reason to climb trees: to avoid predators. It rules out the possibility those dinosaurs would have gained no advantage by living in trees.

Difficulty

Question

75% of people who answer get this correct

This is a slightly challenging question.

CURVE

Score of students with a 50% chance of getting this right

25% 120

138

75% 159

Analysis

Question Stem Tags

Except (LR)

Stems featuring the word EXCEPT, flipping the default status of right & wrong answers.

Strengthen

Stems that ask us to provide an additional piece of information that, if true, would strengthen the argument in the stimulus.

Answer Popularity

Popularity Avg. score

75%

161

153

154

157

10%

160

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