How do we know that the unless in this post is not an exemption? I used the rule and exception framework and then realized I had something off when I got to the answers but how can I tell if something is a group three indictor or an exemption?

I got the right answer for question 1 but I am a little bit confused. In two lessons before we learned that if the "and" is in the necessary condition then it can be represented as separate conditionals leading from the sufficient condition. But in question 1 the whole point is people are claiming that both of them have to be true. What am I missing