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I am also confused and would like to know why as well.
From my understanding,
"Only if", "only when", "only where", and "only" are necessary indicators in that if the result is held, it is because of the premise for sure. But if the premise alone exists, this does not mean it is definitively because of the result. As cited in the example, "Students are cited as "late" only if they arrive more than five minutes past the last ring of the homeroom bell," means that it is not guaranteed that they will be cited late. If they are cited late (the result), this is definitely because they arrived more than five minutes late (premise). However, if they do arrive more than five minutes late, that does not always means that they will be cited and marked up as late. Such. as the case with Kumar who arrived 17 minutes late. Can we say he was definitely cited as late? No. Perhaps he got away with being cited.
However, how can we change the sentence to use the word 'only' and make it so that if a student is more than five minutes late, they will definitely be cited as late. I came to "Students are cited as 'late' only for arriving more than five minutes past the bell", but I think this sentence also is similar in result as the necessary indicators sentence.
Does this answer work for the last question?
"medical research -> review occurs
/review -> /medical research"
This essentially is a flipped version of the correct answer, but does it still work as it logically flows (in my opinion)? Such as that, if medical research occurs, then peer review occurs. And vice versa. Or must it follow the order established in the video? As that peer review can only happen if medical research brought it forward so it must be that "review -> medical research"?