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jhbm90878
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PrepTests ·
PT122.S4.Q8
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jhbm90878
Wednesday, Oct 31 2018

What got me about (A) was how weak and subtle it is -- of course pollen are blown by the wind or humans. But the argument assumes that the only way the pollen could have gotten on the relic was that the relic must have passed through the area where the pollen was uniquely found.

Parallel argument: One way to find out which geographical regions an ancient coin purse moved through in the past involves analysis of its contents. A coin purse is linked to a geographical area by identifying coins/currencies inside it that are known to have been unique to that area.

Assumption: The only way the coins could have gotten in the purse was that the purse passed through the area where each coin was uniquely found or made. But perhaps the purse owner simply traded currency from other regions without ever having visited them.

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jhbm90878
Wednesday, Oct 31 2018

A related question: how do you print a protected PDF without the watermark? Whenever I print, there's always huge text saying "This document x was purchased by y" across each page.

PrepTests ·
PT150.S3.Q22
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jhbm90878
Monday, Oct 29 2018

Even after isolating the tension between Roehmer impugning motives and the Commentator impugning Roehmer's motives, I still had a hard time disentangling "contradiction" (D) from "hypocrisy" (E). It's easy to conflate the two.

A contradiction is a combination of statements that are inconsistent with or opposed to one another--they literally cannot both be true. This is X and X. Checking all the statements in the stimulus, does this flaw appear anywhere? No, it simply does not.

Hypocrisy often seems like self-contradiction, but it isn't. Hypocrisy is claiming to have a belief to which one's behavior does not conform--it is saying one thing, but doing another. This is the doctor saying smoking is bad for you while dragging on a cigarette. Here, the doctor smoking does not contradict the advice that smoking is bad, because her action does not negate the truth of her advice.

So does hypocrisy appear in the stimulus? Yes, the Commentator criticizes Roehmer for impugning motives while also impugning Roehmer's motives. But why is hypocrisy not a flaw for the doctor, but it is for the Commentator? It has to do with the double-argument structure of the stimulus. Here, hypocrisy is not just pitting the Commentator's action with his words. It's pitting the Commentator's words with his words, and as JY points out above, we don't know what to believe.

It's okay to call out someone for committing a flaw, but the moment you yourself commit the same flaw, your argument is no longer convincing.

PrepTests ·
PT150.S3.Q19
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jhbm90878
Sunday, Oct 28 2018

Henry: To reduce urban pollution, replace gas cars with battery-powered cars. Battery cars cause less pollution than gas cars. (+) of battery cars

Umit: I disagree. Battery cars need to be recharged frequently and rely on power plants, which are a major source of pollution. (—) of battery cars

To weaken Umit's argument, we need to say that the (+) of battery cars outweighs the () or that the () isn't really a ().

(B) is a trap answer choice that seems to say that the (+) outweighs the (). But at best, it says that the () is "offset" or canceled out by the (+). A net 0 =/= a reduction in pollution, so (B) cannot weaken.

(A) is the subtle right answer choice that says that the () isn't really a (). It points out that power plant pollution =/= urban pollution, which is all Henry cares about. So (A) weakens by rendering the () irrelevant.

To strengthen/weaken arguments about the pros vs. cons of something, it helps to think about your task as tipping the scales toward the (+) or () side.

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jhbm90878
Friday, Dec 28 2018

In reviewing LR, I found one of the few questions that does test the difference between claim and argument: PT81.S3.Q21.

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jhbm90878
Sunday, Dec 16 2018

Whenever I encounter a double negative that gives me trouble, I rephrase it in my own words. PT46.S2.Q10 is a good example of this. You can rephrase "X is not indispensable" to "X is not essential."

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PT151.S3.Q21
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jhbm90878
Sunday, Dec 16 2018

super subtle NA question. the correct answer choice almost seems too obvious to be correct.

Parallel arg:

P: in a study, volunteers were assigned to eat fruits for breakfast and others to eat bacon for breakfast. after 3 months, volunteers in the fruit group performed better on a math problem than those in the bacon group.

C: eating fruits helps with solving math problems.

Flaw: assumes that the 2 groups are comparable. if volunteers in the fruit group ate bacon for lunch everyday or those in the bacon group ate fruits everyday, too, then the study is a sham. the NA simply affirms that during the study, volunteers in the fruit group actually ate more fruits overall than did those in the bacon group.

PrepTests ·
PT151.S3.Q22
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jhbm90878
Sunday, Dec 16 2018

P/phenom: lower-back injuries are more common among office workers who sit all day than lifters who do physical work known to cause lower-back stress.

C/hypo: sitting in office furniture causes lower-back injury.

Flaw: with no control group, we can't determine one way or the other whether sitting is bad for the lower back. the phenomenon gives rise to a few possible explanations. in terms of incidence of lower-back injuries:

(1) if office workers fare better than control, then sitting is actually good for the lower back, and lifting even better.

(2) if office workers fare about as well as control, then sitting is neutral for the lower back, and it's lifting that's good.

(3) if office workers fare worse than control, then sitting is bad for the lower back, and lifting not as bad.

The argument concludes hypo (3), but fails to rule out (1) and (2). The correct answer choice weakens by introducing hypo (1).

Parallel arg:

P/phenom: employment rates are lower in law school A than law school B.

C/hypo: law school A does not look out for its students' career prospects.

Flaw: with no control group, we can't conclude one way or the other if going to law school A is bad for students' employment outcomes. there are a few possibilities:

(1) if A and B are both top schools, then prospects at A may actually be really good.

(2) if they're both middle-of-the-road schools, then prospects at A will be around average.

(3) if they're both unranked schools, then sure, prospects at A will likely be bad.

PrepTests ·
PT151.S3.Q24
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jhbm90878
Sunday, Dec 16 2018

Takeaway: "more likely" implies a comparison of #s

Parallel arg:

P: About half of the residents of town A are employed by company C.

P: About a third of the residents of town B are employed by company C.

C: Employees of company C are more likely to live in town A than town B. / A greater # of employees of company C live in town A than in town B.

Flaw: assumes that the size (# of residents) of pie A is about the same as that of pie B, or that pie B is not a lot bigger than pie A / pie A is not a lot smaller than pie B.

PrepTests ·
PT151.S2.Q23
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jhbm90878
Saturday, Dec 15 2018

Similar flaw in PT21.S2.Q16

PrepTests ·
PT151.S2.Q14
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jhbm90878
Saturday, Dec 15 2018

Really great explanation -- thank you. Tough argument, but they took mercy on us in the answer choices. I was completely baffled by how the conc follows from the premises -- how do chimps help us determine nature vs. nurture? And even more so with the correct answer choice -- the conc is about the ability to recognize certain traits being genetic, but (C) is about the traits themselves being genetic??

(C) requires us to assume that if a trait is genetic, then the ability to recognize that trait is likely to be genetic, too. I guess it makes sense the more I think about it. For example, why would a bird species evolve a mating call if they didn't also evolve to recognize it?

Parallel arg:

P: Tropical birds can recognize other tropical birds' mating call just by watching a video of it.

P: Tropical birds can also recognize arctic birds' mating call from a video.

C: This ability to recognize mating calls is probably determined by nature, not nurture.

(C) Mating calls in tropical birds and arctic birds are both genetic. This opens up the possibility that the ability to recognize mating calls is also genetic.

PrepTests ·
PT151.S3.Q9
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jhbm90878
Saturday, Dec 15 2018

Is (D) describing a flawed analogy? #help

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Monday, Aug 13 2018

jhbm90878

Mindset Best Practices

We all know to meditate, sleep, exercise, eat healthy, and establish a routine. Any other tips for attaining the right mindset for test day?

• Write your test anxiety away. Research shows that writing about your fears and anxieties before a test boosts test scores (http://science.sciencemag.org/content/331/6014/211). Write about what you anticipate will be on the test and your worst fears about how test day will play out. Setting it down on paper can be cathartic.

• Practice self-compassion. It's a better motivator for self-improvement than self-criticism. In one study of students taking a difficult test, those who wrote about their mistakes from a compassionate perspective were more motivated to study than those who didn’t (http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0146167212445599). Identify a weakness or mistake, and then write about it from a compassionate and understanding perspective.

• Build confidence. Visualize success. Imagine getting your target score in the mail.

• Use positive affirmations or mantras. You can have a specific one for each section, like @AllezAllez21 did. You can tell yourself you're good-looking, à la @"Cant Get Right".

• Be grateful. When you're sitting at your desk, right before you take the test, take a moment to express gratitude. This test is a lot of things. An opportunity is one of them.

• Take deep breaths. Stress accretes over time, and test day adrenaline only makes things worse. No matter what, stay calm.

• Compartmentalize and do damage control. If you're faced with an impossible question, think of it as question 101. If you have a bad section, tell yourself it was an experimental.

• Be an observer, not a participant. Don't participate in the frantic, nervous energy at the test center. Stay in the zone by staying above the fray.

• Look forward to test day. You have done all the work. Test day is just a chance to show them what you've got.

• Treat this test like just another PT. Remember you can always retake.

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jhbm90878
Thursday, Jan 10 2019

I saved considerable space on my résumé by getting rid of bullet points and just using paragraphs. See examples: https://law.yale.edu/student-life/career-development/students/toolkit-student-job-seekers/resume-advice-samples

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jhbm90878
Sunday, Dec 09 2018

here's a spreadsheet that's often floated around on reddit: https://www.dropbox.com/s/33ei4bdli29e4sh/What%20to%20Expect%20When%20You%27re%20Expecting%20%28LSAC%2017-18%20%26%2018-19%20Cycles%29-2.xlsx?dl=0

PrepTests ·
PT150.S2.Q23
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jhbm90878
Saturday, Jan 05 2019

Same flaw as Q10 in this section. (B) is baiting you to make the unproven vs. untrue flaw. But failure to prove =/= proof of failure.

criticizing an argument's reasoning =/= claiming the argument's conc is false

PrepTests ·
PT150.S2.Q13
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jhbm90878
Saturday, Jan 05 2019

The first part of (C) clearly strengthens the gliding hypo, but is the second part -- "little control when taking flight" -- meant to weaken the lifting-off-the-ground hypo? As in, can we presume that "taking flight" means "lifting off the ground from a running start"? #help

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jhbm90878
Monday, Nov 05 2018

For those taking next week and already feeling test-day jitters: How to Harness Your Anxiety https://nyti.ms/2Ad9zF9

PrepTests ·
PT151.S2.Q10
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jhbm90878
Thursday, Jan 03 2019

Tricky main point Q. "However" indicates an intermediate conclusion, while the main conclusion is tucked away in the first sentence. I also thought "most likely" hints at an opinion, as in arguing for X as the "most likely"/better hypothesis than Y, other people's hypothesis.

PrepTests ·
PT151.S2.Q8
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jhbm90878
Thursday, Jan 03 2019

The key words here are "but" and "evidently."

But: does NOT always indicate a conclusion. It can also indicate contrast or exception to the norm/rule as part of the context.

Evidently: indicates a conclusion, as in "evidence for [conclusion]"

PrepTests ·
PT111.S2.P1.Q4
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jhbm90878
Friday, Nov 02 2018

I'm confused by the question stem in Q4. Where in the passage does it state that "more of the published women's memoirs of the French Revolution were written by royalists than by republicans"? This sounds like new information and a reasonable inference at that, but not at all something "according to the passage." #help

PrepTests ·
PT151.S1.P2.Q13
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jhbm90878
Wednesday, Jan 02 2019

For Q13, (A) is tempting because it's accurate, but incomplete, whereas (D) is both accurate and complete.

PrepTests ·
PT151.S1.P3.Q15
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jhbm90878
Wednesday, Jan 02 2019

Passage A reminded me of the Walter Pater quote, “All art constantly aspires towards the condition of music," a sentiment shared by Oscar Wilde.

Anywho, to keep my criteria of evaluation straight for A/B passages, I mark up the Q (kind of like you do for logic game Q's with new premises). E.g., if an RC Q asks which one of the following is addressed/included in/implicit in passage A, but not/rejected by passage B, I put a big check above to the left-hand side of the answer choice letters for passage A and an X to the top right-hand side of the answer choices for passage B. So now I know to look for the answer choice with a check next to it for passage A and an X for passage B.

I think part of what got me for Q15 is confusing a question that the passages "attempt to answer" for a question they primarily seek to answer. We're so primed to look for a main point Q as the first Q for each passage. I was quick to eliminate (D) after reading passage A since it didn't seem like a good match for the main point.

PrepTests ·
PT151.S1.P4.Q26
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jhbm90878
Wednesday, Jan 02 2019

Q26 had me stumped. It's asking about what kind of region experiences the most earthquakes. Line 12-14 is about where most earthquakes take place, which is not the same thing. This Q is bating you to make an assumption about how to distribute the number of earthquakes into hot/quiet zones.

Let's put numbers into JY's picture. Say there are 100 earthquakes total. 60 of them take place in hot zones -- say, evenly distributed among 3 (out of 8) hot zones in the world. Now it's true that most earthquakes (60/100) take place in hot zones, with 20 earthquakes per hot zone.

Now we have the remaining 40/100 earthquakes in quiet zones. In fact, let's put all 40 earthquakes in 1 quiet zone -- a super active one. So what kind of region experiences the most earthquakes? Quiet zones, easily.

Analogous situation: There are 1,000 house cats in the country. Most of them (750) live with families. The rest (250) live in single-person households. What kind of households live with the most cats?

If the 750 cats are distributed one per family, then family households on average live with just 1 cat. On the other hand, you can have 5 crazy cat ladies/guys hoarding 50 cats each. So even if most cats live with families, single-person households still win for most cats.

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jhbm90878
Tuesday, Jan 01 2019

Could you talk about Cookie Cutter Review if you have time for this session? What is your method of Cookie Cutter Review in your LR and RC? Thanks!

Same. I'd love to hear about your cookie cutter binder!

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jhbm90878
Friday, Feb 01 2019

Wow, thank you, 7Sage! This community is the best ❤️

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