A and E feel equally presumptuous...why is A more supported than E?

do i have to read every answer and the whole stimulus for these questions? once i see the conclusion i just find it in the answers without reading the whole stimulus or all the answers for timing reasons #help

for 11.1 are arguments then only assessed based on the author's takes? so if the author is describing a hypothesis and conclusion of a scientist that is not actually an argument because it is not the author saying I agree with the scientists? Is that the main reason it is not an argument? Because there is no author voice?

i give up