Self-study
P1
Even in the midst of its resurgence as a vital tradition, many sociologists have viewed the current form of the powwow, a ceremonial gathering of native Americans, as a sign that tribal culture is in decline. ███
Sociologists' Argument ·
Tribal culture is in decline
Sociologists' Argument ·
Intertribal movement will erode dissolve tribes and result in broader assimilation into mainstream American culture
Sociologists' Argument ·
Pan-Indian Theory
Sociologists believe that greater intertribal activity, greater urbanization, and increasing politicization result in greater intertribalism.
P2
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Concession ·
Intertribalism has been increasing
Critique (of Sociologists) ·
But unique tribal traditions have been increasingly revitalized as well
Examples ·
Revival of the Sun Dance; of traditional societies
Critique (of Sociologists) ·
The change is more complex than just intertribalism and assimilation
P3
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Critique ·
of Pan-Indian theory's assumption
The sociologists' theory assumes that minority culture will succumb to majority culture upon contact. But there's no evidence that's true.
P4
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Concession ·
It's true that intertribal activities are important now
For example, intertribal dances; intertribal speeches (delivered in English).
Critique ·
But that misses the point
Culture borrowing has always happened. What's important is that tribes are consciously making efforts to distinguish themselves.
P5
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Main Point ·
Tribalism is still very powerful
Intertribalism doesn't threaten tribalism. It reinforces native American identity along a broader front.
Passage Style
Critique or debate
16.
The author of the passage █████ ████ ██████ █████ ████ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ███████████
a
Though some believe ███ ███████ ████ ██ ███ ██████ ███████ ███ ███████ ██ ██████ ████████ ███ ██████ ████████ ████████ ████ ████████ ███ ██████████ ████████ ██ ██████████
The author agrees with this. The Pan-Indian sociologists believe that
b
The logical outcome ██ ███ ██████ ████████ ██ ███████████ ████████ ██ ███ ████████ █████████████ ██ ██████ ████████
The author strongly disagrees with this. His main point was the opposite of this. Perhaps the Pan-Indian sociologists would agree with this.
c
Native Americans who ███████████ ██ ████ ██████ ███ ███████████ ██████████ ███████ ████ █████ ██████████ ██ ███████████ ██████ ████ ██████ █████████████
The author would probably disagree with this. He believes that tribal affiliations remain
d
The conclusions of ████ ████████████ █████ ███ ██████ ██ ██████ ████████ ████████ ████ ████ █████ ████████████ ███ ██ ████ ██████ ███████ ████ █████████
There is no evidence that the author believes that the Pan-Indian sociologists are biased against native American cultures. The author just thinks that their theory about the decline of tribalism is too simplistic and wrong.
e
Until it is ████████ ██ ██████████████ ██ ██████ ████████ ██████████████ ████ ████████ ██ ██████ ███ ██████ ████████ █████ ██ █████████
The author strongly disagrees with this. His main point was the opposite of this. Perhaps the Pan-Indian sociologists would agree with this.