Self-study
P1
Tribal communities in North America believe that their traditional languages are valuable resources that must be maintained. ███
Intro to Topic ·
Maintenance of traditional tribal languages
Problem ·
Language dying
Blame is on majority culture which separates a community and its traditions.
Solution ·
Community self-teaching
P2
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Solution Mechanics ·
Document the grammar
Example: Northern Utes created a sort of textbook on grammar.
P3
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Obstacle 1 ·
Difficulty writing down oral languages
Oral languages don't have written symbolic counterparts. So, I guess the challenge is that they have to invent the written counterparts?
P4
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Obstacle 2 ·
Many dialects
Which dialect should be written down and taught?
Solution / Decision ·
Northern Utes rejected standardization
They accept various spellings as long as meaning was the same. This may sound problematic for us but it's fine for what their community needs.
Results ·
Success
Children could write and speak the language.
P5
Opposition ·
Transforming an oral language to a written one is misguided and unnecessary
Rebuttal ·
It is necessary because language is dying
Though, perhaps language could be preserved purely orally if majority culture was avoided more thoroughly.
Passage Style
Critique or debate
Problem-analysis
14.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ████████ ████████ ██████ ███ ████ ██ ██████ █ ███████ ████████ ███████ █████ ███ ████ ███████████
a
conviction that an █████ █████ ██ ███ ███ ██████████ ██ ███████
Supported, because the author “
b
doubt that an █████ █████ ██ ██████ ██ █████████████ ████ ██ █████████
Not supported, because the author considers the goal “desirable.”
c
faith that an █████ █████ ██ ██████████ ██ ███████ █████████ ███ ██████████
Not supported, because we don’t have evidence that the author thinks an exact match is possible. She notes that no written language has ever found an exact match for every sound in a traditional language.
d
confidence that an █████ █████ ███ ██████ ██ ████████████ ██ ████ █████████
Not supported, because we don’t have evidence that the author thinks an exact match is even possible. She notes that no written language has ever found an exact match for every sound in a traditional language.
e
suspicion that the ███████ ██████ ███ ████████ ██ ███████ ███ ████ ███ ███ ████████ ██████████
Not supported, because we have no evidence the author is skeptical about the motives of those who try to get an exact match for every sound in a traditional language.