PT109.S3.Q20 > Question

SECTION 1 · lr

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SECTION 2 · rc

PASSAGE 1

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7

PASSAGE 2

Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14

PASSAGE 3

Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22

PASSAGE 4

Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26 Question 27 Question 28

SECTION 3 · lr

SECTION 4 · lr

The author hypothesizes that galanin makes rats crave fatty foods. Why? Because an experiment showed a correlation: rats who preferred fatty foods also had higher galanin concentrations in their brains.

The author assumes the correlation results from one particular causation: that lots of brain galanin causes rats to crave fatty foods. This means assuming there’s no other cause for that correlation, such as the reverse causation: that eating fatty foods causes galanin to build up in rats’ brains.

This doesn’t affect the argument. Rats could have “consistently” chosen fatty food without choosing it every single time.

This is irrelevant. The author makes no claim about fat inside the rats’ brains—only the fat in their food and the galanin in their brains.

This doesn’t mean the fatty and lean diets contained similar amounts of galanin. This is fully compatible with the reverse causation: the rats who preferred fatty foods simply consumed more galanin in their diets.

This strengthens the argument by casting doubt on an alternative explanation. It makes the reverse causation—that rats had lots of galanin in their brains because of their high fat intake—less likely.

This detail is compatible with the conclusion, but it doesn’t strengthen the argument. It’s just as compatible with the reverse causation: rats who metabolize fat less efficiently crave fattier foods, and that higher fat consumption causes galanin to build up in their brains.

PrepTest 109 - Section 3 - Question 20

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