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Support A favorable biography of a politician omits certain incriminating facts about the politician that were available to anyone when the book was written. ███ ██████ ██████ ██████ █████ ███████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ █████ █████ ████ ██ █████ ███ █████ ██ ██ ███ ███████████ ███ ███ ████ ████ ███████ ████ ██████ ██ ████ █████████ ██ █ ███████████ ████████ █████████ ██ ████ ████ ██████ ██ ████ ██ █████ █████ ███ ██████████ ████████
Summary
There was publicly available information about bad things a politician had done. A biographer, even if he claims he didn’t know about those facts, is responsible for readers being misled because he did not include them in the biography.
Notable Assumptions
The argument’s conclusion makes a claim about the author’s responsibility for the readers being misled, and the argument’s premises do not provide an explicit statement about why the author would be responsible even though he may not have known about the information that was omitted. We’re therefore looking for some principle that justifies that conclusion - that explains why the author is to blame for omitting the incriminating facts even if it’s true that he didn’t know about them.
4.
Which one of the following ███████████ ██ ████████████ ████ ████ ██ ███████ ███ ████████ ████████ ██ ███ ████████
a
An author of █ █████████ ██████ ███ ██ ██████ ███ ███████ ███ ████ ██ █████████ ██ ██ █████████ ██ ███████████ ██ ███████ ██ ███ ██████████
b
An author of █ █████████ ██████ ██ ██████ ███ ████████ ██████████████ ████ ████ █████ ███ ███████ ████████████ ██ █████ ██ ███████ ███ ████████
c
An author of █ █████████ ██████ ███ ██ ██████ ███ ████████ █████ ██ █████ █████ █████ ████ █████████ ███ ████████ █████
d
An author of █ █████████ ██████ ██ ██████ ███ ██████████ ███████ ████ ██ █████ ███ ███████ ██ █████ ███ ██████ █████ ███ ██████ ████ ███ █████████ ███ ████████
e
An author of █ █████████ ██████ ██ ██████ ███ ████████ ██████████████ ██████ ██ ████████ █████ ████ ████ ██████ █████████ ████ ███ █████████ ███ ████████