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Explanations

PT120.S1.Q20

SECTION 1 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26

SECTION 2 · rc

PASSAGE 1
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5

PASSAGE 2
Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11

PASSAGE 3
Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18

PASSAGE 4
Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26

SECTION 3 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26

SECTION 4 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26

PrepTest 120 - Section 1 - Question 20

Question

Explanation

Analytics

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Professor: Support Each government should do all that it can to improve the well-being of all the children in the society it governs. ██████████ ███████████ ██████ ████ ███████ ████████████ ███ ████ █████ ████ ███ ████ ████ ██████ █████████ ██ ████████ ██ ███ ██████ ██████ ██ ███ ████ ██ ██ ██ ███████████

Summary

The author concludes that governments should subsidize high-quality day care. Why? Because governments should do everything possible to improve children’s well-being, and some families won’t get this day care without subsidies.

Notable Assumptions

The author relies on the premise that governments should do everything possible to improve children’s well-being. But the conclusion that they should subsidize day care doesn’t necessarily follow from that. Do we know that day care is the best option for children? What if other activities, like reading with a parent or playing outdoors, are better for their well-being?

Therefore, the author must assume, at least, that high-quality day care can benefit children.

Analysis by TheodoreMalter

Show answer

20.

Which one of the following ██ ██ ██████████ ██ █████ ███ ███████████ ████████ ████████

Only governments that █████████ ████████████ ███ ████ ████ ██ ████████ ██ ███ ██████████ ██ ███ ███ ████████ ██ ███ █████████ ████ ███████

The negation is: some governments that don’t subsidize day care are interested in children’s well-being. This doesn’t contradict the argument. The author might agree that those governments care about children’s welfare, but believe they’re not using the best means to promote it.

Government subsidy of ████████████ ███ ████ █████ ███ ██ ██ █████████ ████ ██ █████ █████ █ ██████████ ██ █████████ ████████ ███ ███████

The argument is about benefits to children, not to adults, so this is irrelevant.

High-quality day care ██████ ██ ██████████ ████ ███ █████ ███ █████ ███ █████████ ██████ ███

The professor’s point is that families of all income levels should have access to high-quality day care, so limiting the subsidies is clearly not essential to his argument.

At least some ████████ █████ ███████ ████ ████████████ ███ █████

The negation is: no children would benefit from high-quality day care. If that were the case, the professor’s argument would provide no grounds for subsidizing day care. Therefore, this assumption is necessary to the argument.

Government is a ████ █████████ ████████ ██ ███████ ████████ ████ ██ ███████ ███████████

The professor’s argument is for the government to finance day care, not necessarily to administer it. For example, he could suggest that the government provide families with vouchers to receive day care from private businesses.

Difficulty

Question

78% of people who answer get this correct

This is a moderately difficult question.

CURVE

Score of students with a 50% chance of getting this right

25% 139

149

75% 160

Analysis

Question Stem Tags

Necessary assumption

Stems that ask us to identify a claim that, if NOT true, would entirely undermine the reasoning in the stimulus.

Stimulus Tags

Link assumption

Arguments that feature an unjustified shift from one concept to another, which don't fit neatly into other common flaw categories (e.g. moving from premises about "houses" to a conclusion about "dwellings").

Value judgment

Stimuli in which a jump from descriptive claims (i.e. "is" claims) to normative claims (i.e. "ought" claims) informs our evaluation of the answer choices.

Answer Popularity

Popularity Avg. score

18%

159

151

154

78%

164

153

Question history

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