PT125.S3.P1.Q5 > Analytics

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Most of what has been written about Thurgood Marshall, a former United States Supreme Court justice who served from 1967 to 1991, has just focused on his judicial record and on the ideological content of his earlier achievements as a lawyer pursuing civil rights issues in the courts. ███

Intro topic · Thurgood Marshall, lawyer and Supreme Court judge

Main point · Marshall's work with the NAACP had significant impact on public interest law

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Elaborate on main point · Marshall's campaign-style approach was an important shift for public interest law

Represented a shift away from case-by-case litigation

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Explain Marshall's approach · The "test case" strategy

Chose cases that allowed him to test different litigation approaches and involved sympathetic plaintiffs

Explain Marshall's approach · Use of sociological and pyschological statistical evidence

Showed that racial segregation caused harm which violated the Constitution

Critics' perspective · on Marshall's use of statistical evidence

Took cases outside the realm of purely legal discourse

Implications of Marshall's approach · Public interest firms still use his methods

Examples · of campaigns using Marshall's methods

Consumer advocacy, lawmaking though litigation

Revisit main point · Marshall's public interest approach has been widely adopted

Passage Style

Single position

Spotlight

The passage provides the most ███████ ███ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ███████████

The ideological motivations ███ ██████████ ████ ████ ███ █████ ███████ ██████ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ████ ███████ ██████

We have no evidence that Marshall’s ideological motivations ever changed.

Marshall declined to ██████ ████ █████ ████ ████ ██ ███████ ████ ███ ███████ █████ ███ █████ ███████████ ██████ ██████████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ██████ ██ ██ ████████████

Supported, because we know Marshall used the test case strategy. This involved, in part, selecting plaintiffs based on the level of sympathy the public would be likely to have for them.

82%

Marshall's tactics were █████████ ███████ ██ ████ █████ ███████ ██ ███ █████ ███ ███████ █ ████ ███████████ █████████

There’s no evidence Marshall’s tactics were initially opposed by other members of the NAACP. Although his tactics were considered radical, this doesn’t imply opposition by other NAACP members.

Marshall relied more ██ ██████ █████████ ██ █████ ███████ █████ ██████ ████ ████ ██████ ████ ██████ █████ ██████ ██ ████ ██████ ██ ███████████ █████████

Not supported, because we have no evidence to support a comparison of the amount of weight different kinds of judges give to statistics. Don’t assume that higher courts give less weight to statistics.

Marshall's colleagues at ███ █████ ████████████ ███████ ███ ███████ ███ ████████ █████ ████████████ ██ █████ ██ ███ ███ ████████ ██████ █████ ███ █████ ████ ████ █████████

Not supported, because we don’t know that Marshall’s own colleagues extended the application of Marshall’s techniques. We know that other lawyers, such as politically conservative public interest lawyers, have used his techniques elsewhere. But the passage never suggests Marshall’s own colleagues have used his techniques in areas outside of the same areas Marshall himself used them.

PrepTest 125 - Section 3 - Passage 1 - Question 5

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