Self-study
Scientists studying a common type of bacteria have discovered that most bacteria of that type are in hibernation at any given time. ████ ███████████████ ████ █████████ ████ ████ ████ ████████ ██ ███████ ███ ███████ ██ ████████████ ████ ██████████ █████ ██ ██████████ ██ ███ █████ ██ ████████ ████ ██████ ████████ ████ ██ █████ █████ ████████ ███ █████████ ████████ ██ ██ ████████ ████ ████ █████ ██ ████████ █████████ ██████████
Summarize Argument: Counter-Position
It’s unlikely that most types of bacteria hibernate regularly. Why? Because this was inferred after discovering one type of bacteria that hibernates regularly, but bacteria are very diverse.
Identify Conclusion
The conclusion is the author’s claim about bacterial hibernation: “... it is unlikely that most types of bacteria hibernate regularly.”
20.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ███████ ██████████ ██ ███ █████████
a
Bacteria of most █████ ███ ███████ ██ ████████████
This is the claim that the author refutes.
b
It is probably ███ ████ ████ ████ █████ ██ ████████ █████████ ██████████
This accurately rephrases the conclusion that it’s unlikely that most types of bacteria hibernate regularly.
c
If bacteria are █████████ ████████ ██ ██ ████████ ████ ████ █████ ██ ████████ █████████ ██████████
The conclusion isn’t conditional. Bacteria diversity is stated as factual premise, and then the author argues that because bacteria are diverse (support), the microbiologist’s belief is unlikely (conclusion).
d
The conclusion that ████████ ██ ███████ ███ ███████ ██ ███████████ █████ ██ ██████████ ██ ███ █████ ██ ████████ ████ ██████ ████████
This is a concession.
e
It is likely ████ ████ ███ ████ ██ ████████ ██████████ ██████████
Too much. The author concludes that it’s unlikely that most types regularly hibernate, but she doesn’t argue that only type does.