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Columnist: It is sometimes claimed that the only factors relevant to determining moral guilt or innocence are the intentions of the person performing an action. ████████ ████████ █████████████ █████ ████ █ ███████ ████ ██ ███ █████ ████████ ██ ██ ███████ ███ ████████ █ ████ ██ █ ██████████ ███ ██████████████ ███ ██ ██████████ ██ ███ ████ ████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ ███ ████ █████ ██████████ ██ ████████ ██ ██████████ ███ ████████ ███ ████████ ███████ ██████ ██ ███ ██████████ ███████ ██ ██ ████████ ████████ ██ ████ ███████████ ████ ███ █████ ███ █████ ████ ██████ █████ █████ ███ ████ ██ ██ ██████ ██ ███████ █████ ███████████
Summary
The columnist argues that intentions are not the sole factor in determining moral guilt. For example, a cook who accidentally adds an ingredient would normally be considered forgetful. However, if someone were allergic to the ingredient and died, the cook would be judged guilty of serious negligence.
Strongly Supported Conclusions
Factors beyond one’s intentions (immediate control) can influence how one is judged for an action.
25.
Which one of the following ████████████ ██ ████ ███████████ ██ ███ ███████████ ███████████
a
It is sometimes ████ ██ █████ ███ ████████ ██ ███████ ███████ ████ ███████ ███████████ ███ ██ ███ █████████████ █████ █████ █████ ███████ ████ ██████████
b
We sometimes judge ████████ ███ ████████ ██ █████ ████████ ████████
c
We should judge ███ █████████ ██████ ██ ██ ███████ ███████ ████████████ ██████████ ██ ███ ████████ ██ █████ ████████
d
People are sometimes ████ ███████ ███████████ ██ █ ██████ ██ █████████████ ████ ██ █████ ████ ███████ █████ ███████████ ████████
e
The intentions of ███ ██████ ██████████ ██ ██████ ███ ██████ █ ████████ ██████ ██ ██████ █████ █████████ █████ ████ ███████