PT131.S1.Q6

PrepTest 131 - Section 1 - Question 6

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Deirdre: Many philosophers have argued that the goal of every individual is to achieve happiness—that is, the satisfaction derived from fully living up to one's potential. ████ ████ ████ ███████ ████ █████████ ██ ███████ ███ ███ ██ ████████ ████ █████ █████ ██ █████████ ███████ ███ █████ ████████████ ████ ████ ██████ ████████████ █████ ████ ████ ███████ ███████████ ███ ██████████ ██ █████ ██████ ██████ ███████ █████ ███ ████████ ██ █ █████ █████████ ██████ ████ ██████ ██ ██████████ ████████ ██ ██████████

Summarize Argument: Counter-Position

Deirdre concludes that the philosophers have been unreasonably pessimistic because their argument exaggerates the difficulty of achieving happiness. As an example, she notes that walking along the beach on a sunny day makes many people feel happy.

Identify and Describe Flaw

This is the cookie-cutter flaw of equivocation, where the author uses the same term in two different ways without acknowledging the shift in meaning.

Here, Deirdre says that the philosophers exaggerate the difficulty of being happy, noting that walking on the beach makes many people feel happy. However, the philosophers define happiness as "the satisfaction derived from fully living up to one’s potential," which is very different from the happy feelings that accompany walking on the beach. Deirdre doesn’t recognize the difference between these two meanings of "happiness."

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6.

Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ █ █████████ ████ ██ █████████ █████████

a

It dismisses a █████ ███████ ██ ███ ██████ ██████ ████ ███████ ██ ███ ████████

b

It fails to ████ ████ ███████ ████ ████ ██████ ███████ █████████ ██ ███ ██████ ███ ███ █████ ████ ██████ █████████ ██ ███████ █████

c

It allows the ███ ████ ███████████ ██ █████ ██ ███████ █████████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ███ █████████

d

It presumes, without █████████ ██████████████ ████ █████████ ███ ██ █████ ███ ████ ██ █████

e

It makes a ██████████████ █████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ █ █████ █████ █████ ████ ███ ████ █████ ██ ██ ███████████████

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