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The peppered moth avoids predators by blending into its background, typically the bark of trees. ██ ███ ████ ██████████ ████████ █████ ████████ █████ ████ ███ ████████ ████████████ ███ ███ ████████ ████████ ████ █████ ████████████ ███ █████████ ████ ███ ████ ██████ ██ ██ ████ ███ █████ ██ ██████████ ██ ████████ █████ ████ ███ ███████ ████████ █████ ████ ███ █████ ██████ ██ ██ ████ ███ ██████
Summarize Argument
The argument concludes that for peppered moths, which avoid predators by camouflaging themselves against trees, the darkest moths are the least likely to be spotted and eaten by predators. This is backed up with an observation that the lightest moths are the most visible against trees, so are most likely to be eaten.
Identify and Describe Flaw
The argument uses observations about the lightest moths being the most visible to support a conclusion about the darkest moths being the least visible. However, knowing which color is most visible doesn’t actually tell us which color is least visible.
For example, if trees are usually an intermediate shade between dark and light, the darkest moths may be more visible than average-colored moths.
20.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ █ ████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ███ █████████
a
The argument overlooks ███ ███████████ ████ █████ ████████ █████ ███ ████ █████████ ████ ████ ████████ ██████
b
The argument takes ███ ███████ ████ ████████ █████ ███ ████ ██ ███████ ███ ██████ ██ █████ ████ █████ ████ █████ ████████████
c
The argument presumes, ███████ █████████ ██████████████ ████ ███ ████████ █████ ████ ███ ████ ████████ ███ ███ ████ ██████████ ██ █████ ████ ███ █████ ██ █ █████████
d
The argument overlooks ███ ███████████ ████ █████ ████ ████████ █████ ██ ████████████ █████ ████ ██████████ ████ ████ █████ ███████████ ████ ███ ███████ ████████ █████ ████
e
The argument presumes, ███████ █████████ ██████████████ ████ ███ ████ ███████ █████████ █████████ ██ ████████ █████ ███ ██ █████ ████ █████ ████████████