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passage 4
P1
Computers have long been utilized in the sphere of law in the form of word processors, spreadsheets, legal research systems, and practice management systems. ███
Context ·
Computers often used by lawyers
Topic ·
Exciting prospect of using computers for legal reasoning
Problem ·
Computers don't perform legal reasoning well
Main Point / Explanation ·
Computers have difficult interpreting and applying legal rules
P2
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Early Methods ·
Assumed computers could apply facts to rules to reach legal results
Problem with Early Methods ·
Underestimated difficulty of interpretation
E.g., is a mobile home in a trailer park a house or a motor vehicle? That requires interpretation. Many laws contain vague concepts in order to be flexible. But to apply those laws requires a lot of contextual knowledge about the world.
P3
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Modern Methods ·
Computers that incorporate case law
Proponents believe that computers can be programed with cases and use case-based reasoning to reach the right conclusion.
Problem with Modern Methods ·
The problem of interpretation is still present
Because the computer still needs to figure out which cases are similar in relevant ways.
Passage Style
Problem-analysis
Single position
27.
Which one of the following ██ █████████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ ██ █████████ ██████████████ ██ ████ ████████ ████ ██████████ ███ ███████████ ██ ████████████ █████ █████████ ████████
a
complexity of syntax
b
unavailability of relevant ██████████
c
intentional vagueness and ████████████
d
overly narrow intent
e
incompatibility with previous ████████