PT132.S4.Q9

PrepTest 132 - Section 4 - Question 9

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If a mother's first child is born before its due date, it is likely that her second child will be also. ████████ ██████ █████ ███ ███ ████ ██████ ███ ███ █████ ██ ██ ██ ██████ ████ ████████ █████ █████ ███ ███ ████ ██████ ███ ███ ████ ███████

Method of Reasoning

The argument presents a conditional statement with the word “likely” in the necessary condition: If a mother’s first child is premature, then her second child will likely be premature. It then concludes that the sufficient condition will likely be absent without successfully denying the necessary condition.

Identify and Describe Flaw

This argument features bad conditional reasoning. It is attempting to take the contrapositive of the conditional statement, but it does not successfully prove the absence of the necessary condition. It only tells us that Jackie’s second child was not premature, when we need to know it wasn’t likely to be premature. Since the necessary condition is not proven to be absent, we can’t use the contrapositive.

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9.

The questionable reasoning in the ████████ █████ ██ ████ ███████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ █████ ███ ██ ███ ██████████

a

Artisans who finish █████ ████████ ██████ ███ █████ ████ ████ ████████ ██ ██ ███ █████ █████ ███ ████ ███ ██████ ███ ███████ ██████ ███ █████ ██ ██ ████████ ████ ███ ██ ██ ███ █████ █████

b

All responsible pet ██████ ███ ██████ ██ ██ ████ ████ █████████ ██ ██████ ███ ██ ████ ████ ████████ ██ ████████ █ ███████████ ███ ██████

c

If a movie ██ █ ██████████ ████ ██ ██ ██████ ████ ███ ██████ ████ ██ █████ ███████ ███ ███ ██████ ██ ███████ ██ ███ ███ █ ██████████ ████ ██ ███████ █ ███ ████████ ███ █ ██████████ ████

d

If a business ██ ██████ ██ █████ ██████ ████ ███ ██████ ██ ███ ██████ █████ ██ ██████ ██ █████ █████████ ██ ███ ██ ██████ ██ ██████ ██ ███

e

Tai will go ███████ ████ ██ ███ ███████ ██ █████ ███ ███████ ████ ██ █████ ████ ███ ████ ████████ ██ ████████

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