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passage 1
P1
Determining the most effective way to deter deliberate crimes, such as fraud, as opposed to impulsive crimes, such as .
Problem ·
Most effective way to deter deliberate crimes
One side's position ·
Crimes a product of societal norms and institutions
That side's solution ·
Change attitudes, improve economic opportunity, rehabilitate
Other side's position ·
Crimes a product of individual choice
Other side's solution ·
More penalties
Author's solution ·
The two positions above are complementary, not opposed
P2
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Explain author's solution ·
Principle of utility maximization
Decision to commit a crime is an economic decision that weighs the likely benefits ("utilities") of different actions
P3
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Application of principle ·
to problem of crime deterrence
A person commits a crime when that person believes the benefits outweigh the risks
Elaborate on author's solution ·
Combine penalties with improved economic opportunity
More penalties increase the risks of committing a crime. Improved economic opportunity decreases the benefits of committing a crime (as compared to law-abiding activities).
Passage Style
Critique or debate
Problem-analysis
2.
In the first sentence of ███ ████████ ███ ██████ ████████ █
a
give an example ██ █ ████ ██ ██████████ █████
b
provide a contrast ████ █████ ██ ██████ █ ██████████ █████
c
demonstrate that not ███ ██████ ███ ██ ████████
d
help illustrate one ████ ██ ███ ███████ ██████ ██ ███ █████ █████████
e
mention a crime ████ ██ █ ███████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ ████████ █████