Self-study
Passage A.
P1
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Augustine's view ·
Don't lie to liars
Author's concession ·
Some truth behind Augustine's view
P2
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General opinion ·
Many think lying to liars feels fair
People think that liars forfeit right to be told the truth.
P3
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Two moral questions ·
(1) Does liar have right to be told truth? (2) Are we more justified in lying to a liar?
P4
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Author's view ·
Liar forfeits right to truth, but we shouldn't automatically lie to him
We need to consider potential harm to ourselves and society when considering whether to lie to him.
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P5
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View derived from Kant ·
Acting toward someone as they have acted toward others treats that person as a rational being
P6
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Potential implication ·
Some might think we have a duty to act toward someone as they have acted to others
Author's view ·
Not a duty; but we're authorized to act toward someone as they have acted toward others
If a rational person does something to another person, he authorizes others to do the same to him.
Passage Style
16.
Which one of the following ██████████████ ██ ██████████ ██ ███████ █ ███ ███ ██ ███████ ██
a
the harm that ███ ██████ ██ █ ███████████ ██ ████████ ██████ ██ ████ █████ ██████
Author A addresses this at the end of P4, where she considers the harm that may result from lying to a liar. Author B, meanwhile, doesn’t address this. He’s only interested in whether treating people as they treat others is a duty or just a right.
b
the consequences of ███ █████████████ █████████ ██████████
Author A doesn’t address this.
c
the properties an ██████ ████ ████ ██ █████ ██ ████████
Author A doesn’t address this.
d
the extent to █████ ██████ ███ █████ █████ █████ ███ ███ ███████
Author A doesn’t address this.
e
instances in which ██████ ████ ████ ███████ ██ █████ ███████ ██ ████ ███████ ██████
Author A doesn’t consider any instances in which people have been wronged by being treated as they treated others. She only considers an instance in which someone (a liar) isn’t wronged by being treated this way.