PT143.S4.Q1 > Question

SECTION 1 · lr

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SECTION 2 · rc

PASSAGE 1

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7

PASSAGE 2

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PASSAGE 3

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PASSAGE 4

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SECTION 3 · lr

SECTION 4 · lr

Male Trinidadian guppies with large spots are more attractive to females than males with small spots, who have fewer chances to mate. However, small-spotted guppies are better at avoiding predators, so in areas with many predators, only the small-spotted ones survive to maturity.

A trait that helps an organism in one situation (such as mating) might harm it in a different situation.

Some seemingly advantageous traits may ultimately have negative consequences in certain environments.

Unsupported. The stimulus discusses the effects of spot size among male guppies, but doesn’t discuss spot size among female guppies. So we don’t know whether this trait is more dangerous to one sex than to another.

Unsupported. Large-spotted guppies are more attractive to females and thus have more frequent mating opportunities, but they are less likely to live to maturity in waters with many predators. We do not know whether they have the greatest number of offspring.

Unsupported. Small-spotted guppies are more likely to live to maturity in waters with many predators, but they are also less attractive to females and thus have less frequent mating opportunities. We do not know which kind of guppy has the greatest number of offspring.

Unsupported. Like (A), the stimulus does not discuss spot size among female guppies. So we do not know whether this trait is more harmful to one sex than to another.

Strongly supported. The stimulus closely conforms to this generalization because it shows that large spots among guppies are helpful in mating but harmful in waters with many predators.

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