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Although human economic exchange predates historical records, Conclusion it is clear that the very first economies were based on barter and that money came later. ████ ███ ██ ████████ ████ █████████ ██ ███████ █████ ██ ████████ ███████ ████████ ███████ ███████████ ████ ███ █████ ████████ ██ ████ ██████ ███ ███████ █████████ ███████ ██ ███ ████████ ██████ ███████ ███ ████ ███████ ████████ ████ ████ ██ ████████ ████ ████████ ███████ █████████ ██████
Summarize Argument
The author concludes that the very first economies were based on barter, with money coming later. This is based on the premise that, during times when the use of money disappears in isolated places, the economy typically “reverts to the original barter system.” These places then go back to money when it becomes available again.
Identify and Describe Flaw
The argument uses circular reasoning. In asserting as a premise that when money disappears in isolated places, the economy typically “reverts to the original barter system,” the author presupposes that barter was the original system. The author is trying to prove that the very first economies were based on barter, not money. So, when supporting that conclusion, it’s not persuasive for the author to assume that barter was “the original” (very first) system. This simply assumes that the conclusion is already true.
22.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ █ ████ ██ ███ ██████████ ██████████
a
The argument concludes ████ █████████ ███ █████ █ ██████████ ███████ ██████ ███████ ██ ██ █████████ ███ ████ ████████
b
The argument contains ████████ ████ ██████████ ███ ████████
c
The argument presumes ████ █████████ ██████ ██ ████ ██████ ███████ ████████████ ██ ███ ████ █████
d
The argument infers █ ██████ ████████ ███████ ███ ██████ ██████ ████ ███ ████ ████ ███ █████ ████████ ██████ ███ ██████
e
The argument relies ██ █ ███████ ████ ███████████ ████ ███ ████████ ████████ ██ ████ ██ ███ ███████████