PT154.S3.P3.Q15 > Analytics

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For nearly a century after the discovery in the 1880s that a bacterium, . ██████ █████████ ██████ ████████ ██████████ ████████ ████ ██ ████████ ██ ███ ██████████ ███████ ████ ███ █████ █████ ███ ████ █████████ █████████ ████████ ████ ███ ████████ ██████ ███████ ██████████████ ██ █████ ██████ ██ ████ ███ █████████████ █████ █████████ ███

Scientists' belief · Vibrio cholerae (VC), which causes cholara, travels only by human hosts

VC epidemics occur when bacteria spreads through human waste.

Puzzling phenomenon · VC pops up in places we thought it had been eliminated

And, where does it go in between epidemics?

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Colwell's discovery · Found VC in Chesapeake Bay

Others were skeptical because they thought VC couldn't survive without a human host, and there were no cholera epidemics since 1911.

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Colwell's hypothesis · VC can survive in seawater, and can't always be detected by traditional methods

Traditional methods involved growing bacteria in a petri dish. Perhaps we can't do this with VC.

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Testing Colwell's hypothesis · New detection method finds VC in water

Used this method near New Orleans and in Asia. Method involves an antibody that produces light if VC is present.

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Additional findings · VC can become dormant and stop reproducing

That's why it sometimes can't be cultured. In this dormant state, VC can survive away from humans. We don't know what awakens VC from a dormant state, but it might be changes in seawater temperature or salinity (saltiness).

Passage Style

Phenomenon-hypothesis (RC)

Single position

15.

The passage suggests that biologists ████ █████████ ██ █████████ █████ ██ ████ ████████ ██ ████████ ████ ███ ██████████ ███ ███████ ████ ████████ ████

V. cholerae could ███ ██████ ██ ████████ ██ █ █████ ████

This isn’t the reason suggested for why the biologists were skeptical. The issue of what could be cultured in a petri dish comes up later in the passage and isn’t presented as why the biologists didn’t think Colwell had isolated V. cholerae in the Chesapeake.

V. cholerae bacteria ████ ██████ ██ ███████ ██ ████████

This is why the biologists were skeptical. They didn’t think V. cholerae could survive without a human host — so they didn’t think V. cholerae could survive in seawater.

83%

V. cholerae bacteria ████ ████████████ ██ █████ ███████ █████

This isn’t the reason suggested for why the biologists were skeptical. The issue of dormancy comes up later and isn’t presented as why biologists were skeptical.

Colwell's new method ██ █████████ ██ ████████ ███ ██████

This isn’t the reason suggested for why the biologists were skeptical. We’re never told that biologists doubted her new method of detection.

the only V. ████████ ████████ ██ ██████████ ███ ████ ██ ██ █████ ██ █████

This isn’t the reason suggested for why the biologists were skeptical. Also, crabs aren’t mentioned in connection with the Chesapeake; they’re mentioned in connection with New Orleans.

PrepTest 154 - Section 3 - Passage 3 - Question 15

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