PT155.S2.Q13 > Question

SECTION 1 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25

SECTION 2 · lr

SECTION 3 · rc

PASSAGE 1

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7

PASSAGE 2

Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15

PASSAGE 3

Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22

PASSAGE 4

Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26 Question 27

SECTION 4 · lr

The author concludes that the oil crisis of 1973 was due to collusion between oil companies and oil-producing countries. This is based on the fact that after 1973, the profits of oil companies increased, and the incomes of oil-producing companies also increased.

The author assumes that because oil companies and oil-producing countries benefited from the oil crisis, that they must have played a role in causing the oil crisis. This overlooks the possibility that they simply benefited from an event that they did not cause.

This possibility shows why the conclusion doesn’t follow from the premises. If something can benefit from an event without helping to cause it, then the fact certain companies and countries benefited from the oil crisis does not prove that they caused it.

If other parties benefited, too, that doesn’t undermine the argument’s reasoning. The author might believe those other parties were also contributory factors in the oil crisis of 1973.

The word “profit” is not used to mean two different things. “Profit” is used to mean financial gain.

There is no need to establish that there was a surplus in order to show that certain parties caused a reduction in available oil later.

The author doesn’t overlook this possibility. In fact, the author’s conclusion assumes that the increased profits and income of oil companies and oil-producing countries are causally related to each other.

PrepTest 155 - Section 2 - Question 13

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