PTA.S3.Q22 > Analytics

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Public reports by national commissions, governors’ conferences, and leadership groups have stressed the great need for better understanding of international affairs by the citizenry. ██ ███ ███████ ██ ██ ██████ █ ███████ ██████ ██ ██ ███ ██ █████████████ ████████████████ ███ ████ ██ ███████████ ██ █████ ██ ████ █ ████ ███ ███ █████████ ██ ████ █ ██████ █████████████ ██ █████████████ ████████ ████ ███ ██ ███ ███ ████████ ████ ██ ████████ ██ █████ █████ ███████ ██████ ████ ██ █████████████ ████████████

Stimulus Breakdown: Conditional Chain

The stimulus discusses the need for citizens to better understand international affairs. It gives us two conditional statements:

1. remain leading nation → _citizensbetter understand international affairs
2. _citizensbetter understand international affairs → _teachersprepare for international orientation

Which can be combined into a single chain:

remain leading nation → _citizensbetter understand international affairs → _teachersprepare for international orientation

This chain lets us infer an indirect connection between the country remaining a leading nation, and the need for teachers to adopt an international orientation in their subject matter.

22.

If all of the statements ██ ███ ███████ ███ █████ █████ ███ ██ ███ █████████ ████ ████ ██ █████

If the country ██ ██ ██████ █ ███████ ██████ ██ ██ ███ ██ █████████████ ████████████████ ████ ███ ████████ ████ ██ ████████ ██ █████ █████ ███████ ██████ ████ ██ █████████████ ████████████

This logically follows from chaining the conditional statements made by the stimulus. If the country is to remain a leading nation, then citizens must better understand international affairs, then teachers must prepare for an international orientation. (A) is just a condensed version of this chain.

78%

If new teachers ███ ████████ ██ █████ █████ ███████ ██████ ████ ██ █████████████ ████████████ ████ ███ ███████ ████ ██████ █ ███████ ██████ ██ ██ ███ ██ █████████████ ████████████████

(B) comes close, but confuses the sufficient and necessary conditions of the conditional chain formed from the stimulus. Teachers preparing for an international orientation is a necessary condition of remaining a leading nation, not a sufficient one.

If there is ██████ █████████████ ██ █████████████ ███████ ██ ███ ██████████ ████ ███ ███████ ████ ██████ █ ███████ ██████ ██ ██ ███ ██ █████████████ ████████████████

The stimulus states that if the country is to remain a leading nation, then citizens must better understand international affairs. This makes citizens' understanding a necessary condition, not a sufficient one. (C) inverts this claim. It could be true that citizens improving their understanding would guarantee the country remains a leading nation, but it could also be false.

13%

If the country ██ ██ ██████ █ ███████ ██████ ██ ██ ███ ██ █████████████ ████████████████ ████ █████ ██ ██ ████ ███ ███ █████████ ██ ████ █ ██████ █████████████ ██ █████████████ ████████

(D) directly contradicts the first conditional claim in the stimulus. The stimulus says that if the country is to remain a leading nation, then it's necessary for citizens to better understand international affairs.

Public reports from ███████ ██████ ███ ███████████ ████ ████████ ███ ████ ███ █ ████ █████████████ ███████████ ██ ███ █████████ ██ █████████

Public reports have stressed the need for citizens to better understand international affairs. The stimulus says that teachers preparing for an international orientation is necessary for this goal, but that doesn't change what the reports actually said.

PrepTest A - Section 3 - Question 22

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