LSAT 102 – Section 2 – Question 17

LSAT 102 - Section 2 - Question 17

June 1998

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Question
QuickView		 Type Tags Answer
Choices		 Curve Question
Difficulty		 Psg/Game/S
Difficulty		 Explanation
PT102 S2 Q17
+LR
Except +Exc
Resolve reconcile or explain +RRE
Sampling +Smpl
A
1%
158
B
5%
160
C
2%
157
D
89%
166
E
3%
157
138
146
155
 +Medium 148.204 +SubsectionMedium

Nicotine has long been known to cause heart attacks and high blood pressure. Yet a recent study has shown that the incidence of heart attacks and high blood pressure is significantly higher among cigarette smokers who do not chew tobacco than among nonsmokers exposed to an equal amount of nicotine through tobacco chewing.

"Surprising" Phenomenon
Why do cigarette smokers who do not chew tobacco have a higher incidence of heart attacks and high blood pressure than nonsmokers who chew tobacco (and who are exposed to the same amount of nicotine)?

Objective
The right answer will be a hypothesis that does not offer a useful difference between cigarette smokers who do not chew tobacco and nonsmokers who chew tobacco. The incorrect answers will offer useful differences between these two groups, providing reasons for why the cigarette smokers showed a higher incidence of heart attacks and high blood pressure, even though both groups were exposed to the same amount of nicotine.

A
People who smoke but do not chew tobacco tend to exercise less than those who chew tobacco but do not smoke.
This could help resolve the discrepancy. The nonsmokers who chew tobacco exercise more, which presumably lowers their risk of heart attacks and high blood pressure compared to the smokers who do not chew tobacco.
B
Chemicals other than nicotine present in chewing tobacco but not present in cigarette smoke mitigate the effects that nicotine has on the cardiovascular system.
This could help resolve the discrepancy. The nonsmokers who chew tobacco ingest chemicals that mitigate nicotine’s harmful effects, while the smokers do not. This could decrease the risk of heart attacks and high blood pressure in nonsmokers who chew tobacco.
C
People who chew tobacco but do not smoke tend to have healthier diets than those who smoke but do not chew tobacco.
This could help resolve the discrepancy. The healthier diets of the nonsmokers who chew tobacco presumably decrease their risk of heart attacks and high blood pressure compared to the smokers who do not chew tobacco.
D
Chemicals other than nicotine present in chewing tobacco but not present in cigarette smoke can cause cancer.
This would not help resolve the discrepancy, and is therefore the correct answer. (D) discusses cancer, not heart attacks and high blood pressure.
E
Chemicals other than nicotine present in cigarette smoke but not present in chewing tobacco raise blood pressure.
This could help resolve the discrepancy. If cigarette smokers are ingesting chemicals that raise blood pressure, it would help explain why they have a higher incidence of high blood pressure.

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LSAT PrepTest 102 Explanations

Section 1 - Reading Comprehension

Section 2 - Logical Reasoning

Section 3 - Logical Reasoning

Section 4 - Logical Reasoning

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