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JustinStiner
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JustinStiner
Wednesday, Aug 20

Anyone having issues here with the "only" examples causing the result to flip, just break it down into what is "causing" something to be the case. Remember if -> then.

For example -

In Aristotle's view, universals exist only where they are instantiated.

Means

If there is a universal THEN there MUST be a universal which is instantiated.

U -> I or If U then I

Let's try without the ONLY.

In Aristotle's view, universals exist where they are instantiated.

Now it means -

If there is an instantiated universal, THEN there is an existing universal.

I -> U or if I then U. It "flips" because now we are saying everywhere there is an existing there is an instantiated. No exceptions. We do not know in the first example if I -> U because there could be many other ways to get to instantiated. The second one does not allow for exceptions like the first, at least strictly logically speaking.

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