#feedback there is a small typo. You spelt hypnosis in your low-res summary of paragraph 3 as "hyponsis".

#feedback Loved the text summary. Quick typo. When analyzing the second paragraph, you spelt reflecting "refelcting".

To understand that the conclusion in the second example is invalid, (Anna is classically trained), we just have to look at the word most.

From the lessons about the quantifier "most", we know that "most" can include "all", but not always. In this example, saying that Anna was classically trained because she can recite Musetta's Waltz is erroneous.

The example assumes that only classically trained opera singers can recite Musetta's Waltz and that people who are not classically trained cannot recite Musetta's Waltz. However, the example said most, not all.

By following these assumptions, the example also made the error of confusing necessity with sufficiency by saying that her ability to recite is a sufficient condition for her being classically trained.

If this example followed the assumption they made in the conclusion, the lawgic would be:

classically-trained --> recite

/classically-trained --> /recite

NOT

recite --> classically-trained

/recite --> /classically trained

As a whole, however, we cannot validate whether Anna was classically trained because we only know that the majority of classically trained opera singers can recite Musetta's Waltz and the majority can’t. Anna may be classically trained, but she also could be the large minority of un-trained people in the world who can recite it. The correct lawgic is:

classically-trained --m--> recite

/classically-trained --m--> /recite