In some places, iceberg lilies are the mainstay of grizzly bears' summer diets. ███ █████ ██████ ███████ ███ ███ ███████ █████████ ████ ███ ██████ █████ ██████ ████████ ███ █████ ████████ ███████ █ █████ ██████████ ██ ███ ███████ ██████████ ████ ██████████ ████ ███ ██████ ███████ ██████ ████████ ███████ ███ ████████ ██ ███████ ███████
Many iceberg lilies are consumed by bears, yet that consumption helps the lilies survive.
Any hypothesis resolving this discrepancy must explain a mechanism by which bears eating the lilies helps the lily species survive.
Which one of the following, ██ █████ ████ █████ ██ ███████ ███ ████████ ███████████ ██ ███ ██████████ ██████
When grizzly bears ██████ ███ ███████ ███████ ████ █████████ ████ ████ ████ ██████ ████ ████ ████
It is irrelevant whether the bears eat the lilies they destroy. The lilies are killed regardless, so it remains unexplained why they benefit from the foraging.
Iceberg lilies produce ██ ████ █████████ █████ ████ ████████████ ████ ███████ ███████ ███ █████████ █████████ ███ █████ ███ █████████
This explains why the foraging bears help the iceberg lily species survive. If bears left the lilies alone, the lilies would deplete their resources and struggle accordingly.
A significantly smaller ██████ ██ ███████ ████ ███████ ███ ████████ ██ ██████ █████ ███████ █████ ██████ ████ ██ ██████ ██ ███████████ ███████ ███████
This widens the discrepancy. If foraging bears reduce the number of lily flowers, then the bears make it more difficult for the lilies to reproduce.
The geographic regions ██ █████ ███████ ██████ ███ ████ █████████ ███ █████ ███████ █████████ ██ ███████ ██████
This explains why many lilies are eaten by the bears, not why the lilies benefit from the bears’ foraging.
Iceberg lilies contain █████████ ███████ ██ ████ █████████ ████ ███ █████████ ███ ███████ ██████ █████████
This explains why bears forage for the lilies, not why the lilies benefit from that foraging.
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