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Explanations

PT132.S4.Q11

SECTION 1 · rc

PASSAGE 1
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8

PASSAGE 2
Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14

PASSAGE 3
Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21

PASSAGE 4
Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26 Question 27

SECTION 2 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26

SECTION 3 · rc

PASSAGE 1
Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7

PASSAGE 2
Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13

PASSAGE 3
Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20

PASSAGE 4
Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26 Question 27 Question 28

SECTION 4 · lr

Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 Question 6 Question 7 Question 8 Question 9 Question 10 Question 11 Question 12 Question 13 Question 14 Question 15 Question 16 Question 17 Question 18 Question 19 Question 20 Question 21 Question 22 Question 23 Question 24 Question 25 Question 26

PrepTest 132 - Section 4 - Question 11

Question

Explanation

Analytics

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A bacterial species will inevitably develop greater resistance within a few years to any antibiotics used against it, unless those antibiotics eliminate that species completely. ████████ ██ ██████ ██████████ ███ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ████████ ██████ ██ █████████ █████████ ███████ █ ███████████

Stimulus Summary

The first sentence is a conditional with an exception. The default outcome: if you use any antibiotic against a bacterial species, the species develops greater resistance to that antibiotic within a few years. The "unless" carves out the one exception: the default outcome won't necessarily happen if the antibiotic wipes the species out completely. But if the antibiotic does not wipe out the whole species, then the default outcome happens.

The second sentence tells us that none of the antibiotics on the market is powerful enough to wipe X out completely. For those antibiotics, then, the exception isn't available.

Without the exception, the default applies. Any single currently-marketed antibiotic used against X leads to X developing greater resistance within a few years.

Anticipation

Most Strongly Supported usually requires process of elimination, but here the two sentences combine to produce a clear inference, so we can develop a strong anticipation. Let's look for an answer related to the idea that any antibiotic currently on the market, if used against X, will lead X to develop greater resistance to it.

Analysis by Kevin_Lin

Show answer

11.

Which one of the following ██ ████ ████████ █████████ ██ ███ ██████████ ██████

It is unlikely ████ ███ ██████████ ███ ██ █████████ ████ ████ ██████████ █████████ █████████ ███████ ██

The stimulus only speaks to antibiotics "now on the market." (A) is about whether any antibiotic, including ones not yet developed, could be made strong enough to eliminate X. The stimulus is silent on that. We don't know whether X's survival is a permanent property of X or just a temporary limit of current pharmaceuticals. So (A) isn't supported.

If any antibiotic ███ ██ ███ ██████ ██ ████ ███████ █████████ ███████ ██ ████ ███████ ████ ███████ ███████ ██████████ ██ ██ ██████ █ ███ ██████

Strongly supported. Any antibiotic now on the market, by the second sentence, fails to eliminate X completely. The first sentence then guarantees that X develops greater resistance to those antibiotics within a few years.

The only way ██ ██████████ ███████████ █████████ ███████ █ ██ ██ █ ███████████ ██ ███ ██ ████ ███████████ ███ ██ ███ ███████

The stimulus tells us no single antibiotic on the market can eliminate X. The stimulus says nothing about combinations of antibiotics, and nothing about whether a yet-to-be-developed antibiotic might eliminate X solo.

Bacterial species X ████ ██████████ ██████ ████ ████████ ██ ███ ██████ ██ █████

Resistance is not the same thing as virulence. Resistance means X is harder to kill with a given antibiotic. Virulence means X is more dangerous to a person who catches it. X can become unkillable by every antibiotic on Earth and still be a mild infection. The stimulus only tells us about resistance, so it can't support a claim about X becoming more dangerous over time.

Bacterial species X ██ ████ █████████ ██ ██ █████ ████ ███████████ ████ ████ ████ ████ ███████ ██ ████ ██ ███ ██████ █████ ███████████ ████ ████ ███████ ███

The stimulus tells us what would happen if an on-market antibiotic were used against X. It doesn't tell us that there are some antibiotics that have actually been used against X. Maybe X has only been studied in a lab and never treated, in which case (E) is false. (E) isn't supported.

Difficulty

Question

86% of people who answer get this correct

This is a slightly challenging question.

CURVE

Score of students with a 50% chance of getting this right

25% 128

141

75% 153

Analysis

Question Stem Tags

Most strongly supported

Stems that ask which answer choice is "most strongly supported" by the claims in the stimulus. Related to MBT/Inf, but with a lower standard of support.

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Stimulus Tags

Conditional reasoning

Stimuli that feature conditional and set logic (e.g. A → B, A is true, therefore B is true).

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Answer Popularity

Popularity Avg. score

148

86%

164

157

156

158

Question history

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