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passage 1
P1
Two competing demands we make of the law create a troubling conflict that contributes to the law's frequent failure to deliver what we imagine it should. ███
Intro Topic ·
Two conflicting demands on law
There are two conflicting things we want in law.
Demand 1 ·
Formalism
Formal justice means we want law to be rational, consistently applied, and blind to the different social and economic situations of the people it applies to.
P2
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Demand 2 ·
Substantivism
Substantive justice means we want law to be fair in individual cases and sensitive to the context of those cases.
P3
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Sub-conclusion ·
Cannot reconcile two demands
Formalism and substantive justice can’t be reconciled until there is a reasonable degree of social equality.
Main Conclusion ·
Abandon formalism
If we can’t have the kind of equality necessary for reconciling formalism and substantive justice, we should abandon formalism in favor of substantive justice.
Passage Style
Problem-analysis
Single position
2.
Which one of the following ████ ██████████ █████████ ███ ███████ ███ ██████ ███████ ██ ██████ ██ █████ ███ ██████
a
The project would ██ ████ ████ █████████ ████ ███ ████████ ██ ███ ███████ █████ ████████
b
Such a project ██ █████ ██ ███████ ██████████ ████████ █████████████
c
The project lacks ███ ██████ ████████ ████ █████ ██ █████████ ██ ████ ██ █ ████████
d
The steps necessary ██ ████ ████ █ ███████ ███████ █████ ███████ ███████ █████████ ██████████ ██ ████████
e
Such a project ███████ █████ ███ ███████ ████████ ██ ███████████