Self-study
P1
The late 1950s and early 1960s were a time of profound growth for the civil rights movement in the United States. ████████ ██████ ███████████ ██ ███ ██████ ███████ ███ ████ ████████ ██ █████ ███ ██████ ███████ ████ ██ ████ ███ ████████ ██ ██████████████ ████████ ██ ████ ████████ ███ ██ █████████ ██████ ███ ████████████████ █████████ ███ ████████████ ██ ███████ ████████ ███
Context ·
Anticipation of more progress in civil rights
Following outlaw of racial segregation, African-American community anticipated more progress in civil rights.
Event and Impact ·
Sit-in demonstrations and its consequences
Sit-ins began in early 1960s and helped civil rights movement progress.
P2
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Background of Event ·
Sit-ins started and spread
Impact of Event ·
Model; formation of SNCC and freedom rides
Sit-ins were an important model of protest and led to formation of SNCC and Freedom Rides, an evolution of sit-ins.
P3
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Details of Impact 1 ·
When SNCC happened and its importance
SNCC solidified student involvement and made students leaders in civil rights.
Details of Impact 2 ·
Freedom Rides important
Freedom Rides involved challenge to “whites only” seats. The government responded with force to protect Freedom Riders. This elevated the civil rights movement.
Passage Style
Single position
Spotlight
3.
Based on the passage, which ███ ██ ███ █████████ ███ ██ ████ ██████████ ████████ █████ ███ ███████ ██████
a
They were primarily █ ███████████ ███████████
They were not spontaneous. They were “organized in 1961 by the already well-established Congress of Racial Equality” to challenge segregation. Something organized and planned is not spontaneous.
b
They were directed ███████ ███ ████ ███████████
They were not directed against the U.S. government; they were directed against “whites only” seating on buses and other facilities. The passage doesn’t say that those buses and other facilities were managed by the U.S. government.
c
They were less █████████ ██ ███ ████ █████ ██████ ████████ ████ ████ ███ ████████ ██████ ███████████████
The passage never judges the comparative importance of the Freedom Rides and the original sit-ins. In addition, if you wanted to find a comparison, there is evidence that the author might consider the Freedom Rides to be more important: the passage states that the Freedom Rides were the “clearest turning point for the civil rights movement.”
d
They were based ██ █ █████████ ██████████ ████ ███ ████████ ██████ ███████████████
The passage never suggests that the Freedom Rides were based on a different philosophy than the original sit-ins. Both types of sit-ins were part of a movement to achieve civil rights for African-Americans. They both involved non-violent protest.
e
They were modeled ██ ███ ████████ ██████ ███████████████