LSAT 120 – Section 1 – Question 25

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Explanation
PT120 S1 Q25
+LR
Point at issue: agree +Agree
Causal Reasoning +CausR
Net Effect +NetEff
A
3%
156
B
4%
157
C
7%
160
D
14%
160
E
71%
165
143
154
165
+Harder 145.819 +SubsectionMedium

Claude: Because of the relatively high number of middle-aged people in the workforce, there will be fewer opportunities for promotion into upper-management positions. Since this will decrease people’s incentive to work hard, economic productivity and the quality of life will diminish.

Thelma: This glut of middle-aged workers will lead many people to form their own companies. They will work hard and thus increase economic productivity, improving the quality of life even if many of the companies ultimately fail.

Speaker 1 Summary
Claude concludes that economic productivity and the quality of life will diminish. This is because of a causal chain: the high number of middle-aged people in the workforce will lead to fewer opportunities for promotions, which will decrease people’s incentive to work hard.

Speaker 2 Summary
Thelma concludes that quality of life will improve. This is because of her own causal chain: the large number of middle-aged workers will lead people to form new companies, which will lead those people to work hard, which will increase economic productivity.

Objective
We’re looking for a point of agreement. The speakers agree that there’s a high number of middle-aged people in the workforce and that this can influence people’s decisions regarding work.

A
The quality of life in a society affects that society’s economic productivity.
Neither speaker expresses an opinion. Claude doesn’t indicate a causal relationship between economic productivity and quality of life. Thelma indicates that more economic productivity will improve quality of life, but doesn’t say the relationship can be reversed.
B
The failure of many companies will not necessarily have a negative effect on overall economic productivity.
Claude expresses no opinion. He doesn’t discuss failing companies.
C
How hard a company’s employees work is a function of what they think their chances for promotion are in that company.
Thelma expresses no opinion. She doesn’t discuss promotions or how people react based on their perception of chances of promotion. She does believe people will form their own companies, but that doesn’t mean this decision is influenced by the chances of promotion.
D
The number of middle-aged people in the workforce will increase in the coming years.
Neither expresses an opinion. They both agree that there currently is a high number of middle-aged people in the workforce, but they don’t speak to whether the number of these people will increase in the future.
E
Economic productivity will be affected by the number of middle-aged people in the workforce.
This is a point of agreement. The speakers disagree about whether productivity will go up (Thelma thinks this) or down (Claude thinks this), but they both agree that there will be some effect on productivity from the number of middle-aged people in the workforce.

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