When I answer a weak question, I almost imagine I am a smartass who is trying to be petty and prove the other person's hypothesis wrong. So when I read the questions, I, for whatever reason, think of myself loudly proclaiming, OR MAYBE, then I read the potential answers.

For example, Someone could claim that students who have after-school jobs have worse grades. Therefore, the jobs are hurting their education, and they should not do them.

Then I loudly come in and proclaim, "OR MAYBE kids who have after-school jobs lose sleep, and sleep depravation affects their grades."

If we assume my answer to be true, it weakens that person's argument because their claim was that the jobs were hurting the kids, but it was the sleep deprivation because of the job hours.

If it were the case that the jobs had good hours and never messed with their sleep cycles, they would have no effect.

I think I understand what you are saying but what also trips me up here is the part that says "and sell ONLY plants that are guaranteed to be disease-free" This seems to introduce an only condition which is different than the most used in the first part of the sentence. Suggesting a stronger rule than most. If only were not in that part of the sentence I feel that I would have had a much higher chance of understanding.

Thank you for the help though, I appreciate it.

There is no way I am getting these right under the time limit.

I feel okay mapping things out but I know that I am not going to be able to map things quickly enough to meet the time requirements of the test. So I have no idea how to fix this issue besides just reading it and using whatever brain power I have to get the inferences correct.

The fact that a guarantee is a ‑m→ statement that mind fucks me so hard I don't understand.

By definition a guarantee is an "assurance for the fulfillment of a condition" It does not get more conditional than that and I feel that I cannot learn anything from this question. #feedback #help

Don't worry about which concept is the sufficient or necessary condition, the video specifies that YOU are the one that is making the condition sufficient or necessary by placing it on the left or right side of the arrow. Sufficient always goes on the left, Necessary always goes on the right.

Using the example from the video "None of the Americans attended the dictator's party." Which one is the sufficient or necessary condition? Who cares!!! We are going to make one of them the sufficient or necessary condition by just following the translation rule.

First we translate the two main concepts in the video into symbols

- A and ADP

Now we must know what translation rule to use, well the word in this is "none" so we know we are going to use the group #4 translation rule.

Now we use the rule. Pick one concept, negate it and slap it on the right side (the necessary side) of the arrow.

"But which one do i pick?" it does not matter.

I could choose to pick A, negate it, and throw it on the right side of the arrow.

Ex. ADP --> /A

Or I could choose ADP and do the same.

A --> /ADP

Finally, to get the contra positive you flip and negate

This analogy has always helped me parse the difference between necessity and sufficiency.

Let’s say you have the goal of having $1,000,000 (one million) dollars of wealth. To understand the concepts of necessity and sufficiency, we can look at three different scenarios:

1. $1 (one dollar): Necessary but Not Sufficient

o Having $1 is not sufficient to achieve the goal of $1,000,000, because it’s far less than the target amount. However, it’s a starting point, so it’s necessary in the sense that you need to have some wealth to eventually work towards the $1,000,000 mark. Therefore, $1 is necessary but not sufficient.

2. $10,000,000 (ten million dollars): Sufficient but Not Necessary

o Having $10,000,000 is sufficient because it greatly exceeds the $1,000,000 goal, ensuring you reach and surpass it. However, it’s not necessary to have $10,000,000 to meet the goal; having exactly $1,000,000 is enough. Thus, while $10,000,000 is sufficient, it’s not necessary.

3. $1,000,000 (one million dollars): Necessary and Sufficient

o Having exactly $1,000,000 is both necessary and sufficient to meet the goal. It is necessary because you need at least $1,000,000 to achieve the goal, and it is sufficient because this exact amount fulfills the goal perfectly.

Summary:

• Necessary: You need at least $1,000,000 to achieve your goal. Any amount less than $1,000,000 is necessary but not sufficient.

• Sufficient: Any amount equal to or greater than $1,000,000 is sufficient to achieve your goal. This includes $1,000,000 itself and amounts greater than $1,000,000.

• Necessary and Sufficient: $1,000,000 is the precise amount that is both necessary and sufficient to meet the goal.