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@blueberry It in fact can be the case that /Persian cat is possibly satisfied even though the cat is irritating. You have a conditional chain, and ending the chain with a True statement do not tell anything about the sufficient condition.
The answer is E, not because E is false, but because E is not necessarily True.
In a more general, formal logic setup,
A -> B
is the same as
not A or B
So
not (A->B)
is the same as
not (not A or B)
which is then in return is
A and not B
From what i understand, for international applicants that have less than 60 US credit hours, LSAC does not report the GPA impact on the median. First of all is this correct? How do admission comitees evaluate the normally would be splitters (higher LSAT lower GPA), since the GPA factor becomes a bit ambiguous. How is the general evaluation of such applicants?
A fast (also possibly even mental) diagraming would be
Let A = "Price of coffee beans continues to increase", B = "Coffee shop will have to increase prices", C = "Coffee shop sells non coffee products", D = "coffee sales decrease", E = "Decreased profitability". The logical components we are given
A -> B,
B -> (C or D)
C -> E
not E -> not D which also is (D ->E)
Therefore, if A is true, then so is B, then so is either C or D or both, and hence E is true. The chain yields A -> E, which exactly is the statement of C.
In Example 4, do we not assume
False -> False
when this is not necessarily ture? Example goes
If the concentration of air pollutants is above normal for a prolonged period, then there are many more respiratory issues.
Consider this statement as A -> B. Then, the claimed implied comparison is
(B when A) is more likely than (B when not A).
Yes B is guaranteed when A holds, but we do not know whether B is guaranteed or not when A does not hold, and it could very well be the case.
With this in mind, rather than a strict comparison, it does feel like it leaves grounds for not having a winner.
@SerinJ I see, that makes sense. Thanks a lot for the explanation!